diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index eb723a8..0278d10 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -1527,6 +1527,20 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
         if (event->window.windowID != SDL_GetWindowID(ctx->window))
             return true;
 
+        // Never nest NewFrame() inside an already-open frame — Windows min/max/restore buttons
+        // (renderBorderlessControls) push SDL window events synchronously from inside app.render(). (C146)
+        ImGuiContext* gctx = ImGui::GetCurrentContext();
+        if (!gctx || gctx->WithinFrameScope) return true;
+
+        // Dedupe the RESIZED + PIXEL_SIZE_CHANGED pair: both report the same final pixel size, so render
+        // once. SDL_GetWindowSizeInPixels is a consistent key across both event types (their data1/data2
+        // differ — points vs pixels — and cannot be compared directly).
+        int pw = 0, ph = 0;
+        SDL_GetWindowSizeInPixels(ctx->window, &pw, &ph);
+        static int lastW = 0, lastH = 0;
+        if (pw == lastW && ph == lastH) return true;
+        lastW = pw; lastH = ph;
+
         // Avoid re-entrancy
         static bool in_resize_render = false;
         if (in_resize_render) return true;
diff --git a/src/platform/dx11_context.cpp b/src/platform/dx11_context.cpp
index 822527c..e562b56 100644
--- a/src/platform/dx11_context.cpp
+++ b/src/platform/dx11_context.cpp
@@ -252,16 +252,6 @@ void DX11Context::resize(int width, int height)
     (void)height;
     if (!swapChain_ || !deviceContext_) return;
 
-    cleanupRenderTarget();
-
-    // Unbind the render target from the pipeline — ResizeBuffers requires
-    // ALL outstanding references to back-buffer resources to be released.
-    // Without this, ResizeBuffers fails with DXGI_ERROR_INVALID_CALL when
-    // growing the window (shrinking appears fine because the old larger
-    // buffer simply gets cropped by DWM).
-    deviceContext_->OMSetRenderTargets(0, nullptr, nullptr);
-    deviceContext_->Flush();
-
     // For composition swap chains (CreateSwapChainForComposition),
     // passing 0,0 means "keep current size" — NOT auto-detect from HWND.
     // We must pass the actual pixel dimensions from GetClientRect.
@@ -272,7 +262,22 @@ void DX11Context::resize(int width, int height)
         w = static_cast<UINT>(rc.right - rc.left);
         h = static_cast<UINT>(rc.bottom - rc.top);
     }
-    if (w == 0 || h == 0) return;
+    if (w == 0 || h == 0) return;   // minimized / zero-area: keep the current RTV, do nothing
+
+    // Already this size with a live RTV: nothing to do (skips the destroy/recreate churn).
+    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 d;
+    if (SUCCEEDED(swapChain_->GetDesc1(&d)) && d.Width == w && d.Height == h && renderTargetView_)
+        return;
+
+    cleanupRenderTarget();
+
+    // Unbind the render target from the pipeline — ResizeBuffers requires
+    // ALL outstanding references to back-buffer resources to be released.
+    // Without this, ResizeBuffers fails with DXGI_ERROR_INVALID_CALL when
+    // growing the window (shrinking appears fine because the old larger
+    // buffer simply gets cropped by DWM).
+    deviceContext_->OMSetRenderTargets(0, nullptr, nullptr);
+    deviceContext_->Flush();
 
     HRESULT hr = swapChain_->ResizeBuffers(0, w, h, DXGI_FORMAT_UNKNOWN, 0);
     if (FAILED(hr)) {