diff --git a/src/rest.cpp b/src/rest.cpp
index 5f64a0091..f3195746b 100644
--- a/src/rest.cpp
+++ b/src/rest.cpp
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static bool rest_chaininfo(AcceptedConnection* conn,
 
     switch (rf) {
     case RF_JSON: {
-        Array rpcParams;
+        UniValue rpcParams(UniValue::VARR);
         Value chainInfoObject = getblockchaininfo(rpcParams, false);
         string strJSON = chainInfoObject.write() + "\n";
         conn->stream() << HTTPReply(HTTP_OK, strJSON, fRun) << std::flush;
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ static bool rest_tx(AcceptedConnection* conn,
     }
 
     case RF_JSON: {
-        Object objTx;
+        UniValue objTx(UniValue::VOBJ);
         TxToJSON(tx, hashBlock, objTx);
         string strJSON = objTx.write() + "\n";
         conn->stream() << HTTPReply(HTTP_OK, strJSON, fRun) << std::flush;
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ static bool rest_getutxos(AcceptedConnection* conn,
     }
 
     case RF_JSON: {
-        Object objGetUTXOResponse;
+        UniValue objGetUTXOResponse(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
         // pack in some essentials
         // use more or less the same output as mentioned in Bip64
@@ -499,15 +499,15 @@ static bool rest_getutxos(AcceptedConnection* conn,
         objGetUTXOResponse.push_back(Pair("chaintipHash", chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash().GetHex()));
         objGetUTXOResponse.push_back(Pair("bitmap", bitmapStringRepresentation));
 
-        Array utxos;
+        UniValue utxos(UniValue::VARR);
         BOOST_FOREACH (const CCoin& coin, outs) {
-            Object utxo;
+            UniValue utxo(UniValue::VOBJ);
             utxo.push_back(Pair("txvers", (int32_t)coin.nTxVer));
             utxo.push_back(Pair("height", (int32_t)coin.nHeight));
             utxo.push_back(Pair("value", ValueFromAmount(coin.out.nValue)));
 
             // include the script in a json output
-            Object o;
+            UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
             ScriptPubKeyToJSON(coin.out.scriptPubKey, o, true);
             utxo.push_back(Pair("scriptPubKey", o));
             utxos.push_back(utxo);
diff --git a/src/rpcblockchain.cpp b/src/rpcblockchain.cpp
index 9aa60d44d..485d022b5 100644
--- a/src/rpcblockchain.cpp
+++ b/src/rpcblockchain.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ double GetNetworkDifficulty(const CBlockIndex* blockindex)
 
 Object blockToJSON(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* blockindex, bool txDetails = false)
 {
-    Object result;
+    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     result.push_back(Pair("hash", block.GetHash().GetHex()));
     int confirmations = -1;
     // Only report confirmations if the block is on the main chain
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ Object blockToJSON(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* blockindex, bool txDe
     result.push_back(Pair("height", blockindex->nHeight));
     result.push_back(Pair("version", block.nVersion));
     result.push_back(Pair("merkleroot", block.hashMerkleRoot.GetHex()));
-    Array txs;
+    UniValue txs(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction&tx, block.vtx)
     {
         if(txDetails)
         {
-            Object objTx;
+            UniValue objTx(UniValue::VOBJ);
             TxToJSON(tx, uint256(), objTx);
             txs.push_back(objTx);
         }
@@ -209,12 +209,12 @@ Value getrawmempool(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     if (fVerbose)
     {
         LOCK(mempool.cs);
-        Object o;
+        UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
         BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CTxMemPoolEntry)& entry, mempool.mapTx)
         {
             const uint256& hash = entry.first;
             const CTxMemPoolEntry& e = entry.second;
-            Object info;
+            UniValue info(UniValue::VOBJ);
             info.push_back(Pair("size", (int)e.GetTxSize()));
             info.push_back(Pair("fee", ValueFromAmount(e.GetFee())));
             info.push_back(Pair("time", e.GetTime()));
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ Value getrawmempool(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         vector<uint256> vtxid;
         mempool.queryHashes(vtxid);
 
-        Array a;
+        UniValue a(UniValue::VARR);
         BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& hash, vtxid)
             a.push_back(hash.ToString());
 
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ Value gettxoutsetinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
-    Object ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
     CCoinsStats stats;
     FlushStateToDisk();
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ Value gettxout(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
-    Object ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
     std::string strHash = params[0].get_str();
     uint256 hash(uint256S(strHash));
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ Value gettxout(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     else
         ret.push_back(Pair("confirmations", pindex->nHeight - coins.nHeight + 1));
     ret.push_back(Pair("value", ValueFromAmount(coins.vout[n].nValue)));
-    Object o;
+    UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
     ScriptPubKeyToJSON(coins.vout[n].scriptPubKey, o, true);
     ret.push_back(Pair("scriptPubKey", o));
     ret.push_back(Pair("version", coins.nVersion));
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ Value getblockchaininfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
-    Object obj;
+    UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.push_back(Pair("chain",                 Params().NetworkIDString()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("blocks",                (int)chainActive.Height()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("headers",               pindexBestHeader ? pindexBestHeader->nHeight : -1));
@@ -661,10 +661,10 @@ Value getchaintips(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     setTips.insert(chainActive.Tip());
 
     /* Construct the output array.  */
-    Array res;
+    UniValue res(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CBlockIndex* block, setTips)
     {
-        Object obj;
+        UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         obj.push_back(Pair("height", block->nHeight));
         obj.push_back(Pair("hash", block->phashBlock->GetHex()));
 
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@ Value getmempoolinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             + HelpExampleRpc("getmempoolinfo", "")
         );
 
-    Object ret;
+    UniValue ret;
     ret.push_back(Pair("size", (int64_t) mempool.size()));
     ret.push_back(Pair("bytes", (int64_t) mempool.GetTotalTxSize()));
 
diff --git a/src/rpcmining.cpp b/src/rpcmining.cpp
index b112b3cae..4240a167f 100644
--- a/src/rpcmining.cpp
+++ b/src/rpcmining.cpp
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ Value generate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         nHeightEnd = nHeightStart+nGenerate;
     }
     unsigned int nExtraNonce = 0;
-    Array blockHashes;
+    UniValue blockHashes(UniValue::VARR);
     unsigned int n = Params().EquihashN();
     unsigned int k = Params().EquihashK();
     while (nHeight < nHeightEnd)
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ Value getmininginfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
-    Object obj;
+    UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.push_back(Pair("blocks",           (int)chainActive.Height()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("currentblocksize", (uint64_t)nLastBlockSize));
     obj.push_back(Pair("currentblocktx",   (uint64_t)nLastBlockTx));
@@ -646,10 +646,10 @@ Value getblocktemplate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     UpdateTime(pblock, Params().GetConsensus(), pindexPrev);
     pblock->nNonce = uint256();
 
-    Array aCaps; aCaps.push_back("proposal");
+    UniValue aCaps(UniValue::VARR); aCaps.push_back("proposal");
 
-    Value txCoinbase = Value::null;
-    Array transactions;
+    Value txCoinbase = NullUniValue;
+    UniValue transactions(UniValue::VARR);
     map<uint256, int64_t> setTxIndex;
     int i = 0;
     BOOST_FOREACH (CTransaction& tx, pblock->vtx)
@@ -660,13 +660,13 @@ Value getblocktemplate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         if (tx.IsCoinBase() && !coinbasetxn)
             continue;
 
-        Object entry;
+        UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
         entry.push_back(Pair("data", EncodeHexTx(tx)));
 
         entry.push_back(Pair("hash", txHash.GetHex()));
 
-        Array deps;
+        UniValue deps(UniValue::VARR);
         BOOST_FOREACH (const CTxIn &in, tx.vin)
         {
             if (setTxIndex.count(in.prevout.hash))
@@ -691,12 +691,12 @@ Value getblocktemplate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         }
     }
 
-    Object aux;
+    UniValue aux(UniValue::VOBJ);
     aux.push_back(Pair("flags", HexStr(COINBASE_FLAGS.begin(), COINBASE_FLAGS.end())));
 
     arith_uint256 hashTarget = arith_uint256().SetCompact(pblock->nBits);
 
-    static Array aMutable;
+    static UniValue aMutable(UniValue::VARR);
     if (aMutable.empty())
     {
         aMutable.push_back("time");
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ Value getblocktemplate(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         aMutable.push_back("prevblock");
     }
 
-    Object result;
+    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     result.push_back(Pair("capabilities", aCaps));
     result.push_back(Pair("version", pblock->nVersion));
     result.push_back(Pair("previousblockhash", pblock->hashPrevBlock.GetHex()));
diff --git a/src/rpcmisc.cpp b/src/rpcmisc.cpp
index 5d67b1219..898083379 100644
--- a/src/rpcmisc.cpp
+++ b/src/rpcmisc.cpp
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Value getinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     proxyType proxy;
     GetProxy(NET_IPV4, proxy);
 
-    Object obj;
+    UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.push_back(Pair("version", CLIENT_VERSION));
     obj.push_back(Pair("protocolversion", PROTOCOL_VERSION));
 #ifdef ENABLE_WALLET
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public:
     Object operator()(const CNoDestination &dest) const { return Object(); }
 
     Object operator()(const CKeyID &keyID) const {
-        Object obj;
+        UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         CPubKey vchPubKey;
         obj.push_back(Pair("isscript", false));
         if (mine == ISMINE_SPENDABLE) {
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     Object operator()(const CScriptID &scriptID) const {
-        Object obj;
+        UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         obj.push_back(Pair("isscript", true));
         if (mine != ISMINE_NO) {
             CScript subscript;
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ public:
             ExtractDestinations(subscript, whichType, addresses, nRequired);
             obj.push_back(Pair("script", GetTxnOutputType(whichType)));
             obj.push_back(Pair("hex", HexStr(subscript.begin(), subscript.end())));
-            Array a;
+            UniValue a(UniValue::VARR);
             BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxDestination& addr, addresses)
                 a.push_back(CBitcoinAddress(addr).ToString());
             obj.push_back(Pair("addresses", a));
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ Value validateaddress(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     CBitcoinAddress address(params[0].get_str());
     bool isValid = address.IsValid();
 
-    Object ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VOBJ);
     ret.push_back(Pair("isvalid", isValid));
     if (isValid)
     {
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ Value createmultisig(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     CScriptID innerID(inner);
     CBitcoinAddress address(innerID);
 
-    Object result;
+    UniValue result;
     result.push_back(Pair("address", address.ToString()));
     result.push_back(Pair("redeemScript", HexStr(inner.begin(), inner.end())));
 
diff --git a/src/rpcnet.cpp b/src/rpcnet.cpp
index d8b2f6101..1cf17484e 100644
--- a/src/rpcnet.cpp
+++ b/src/rpcnet.cpp
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ Value getpeerinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     vector<CNodeStats> vstats;
     CopyNodeStats(vstats);
 
-    Array ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VARR);
 
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CNodeStats& stats, vstats) {
-        Object obj;
+        UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         CNodeStateStats statestats;
         bool fStateStats = GetNodeStateStats(stats.nodeid, statestats);
         obj.push_back(Pair("id", stats.nodeid));
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Value getpeerinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             obj.push_back(Pair("banscore", statestats.nMisbehavior));
             obj.push_back(Pair("synced_headers", statestats.nSyncHeight));
             obj.push_back(Pair("synced_blocks", statestats.nCommonHeight));
-            Array heights;
+            UniValue heights(UniValue::VARR);
             BOOST_FOREACH(int height, statestats.vHeightInFlight) {
                 heights.push_back(height);
             }
@@ -271,12 +271,12 @@ Value getaddednodeinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             throw JSONRPCError(RPC_CLIENT_NODE_NOT_ADDED, "Error: Node has not been added.");
     }
 
-    Array ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VARR);
     if (!fDns)
     {
         BOOST_FOREACH(string& strAddNode, laddedNodes)
         {
-            Object obj;
+            UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
             obj.push_back(Pair("addednode", strAddNode));
             ret.push_back(obj);
         }
@@ -291,10 +291,10 @@ Value getaddednodeinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             laddedAddreses.push_back(make_pair(strAddNode, vservNode));
         else
         {
-            Object obj;
+            UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
             obj.push_back(Pair("addednode", strAddNode));
             obj.push_back(Pair("connected", false));
-            Array addresses;
+            UniValue addresses(UniValue::VARR);
             obj.push_back(Pair("addresses", addresses));
         }
     }
@@ -302,15 +302,15 @@ Value getaddednodeinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     LOCK(cs_vNodes);
     for (list<pair<string, vector<CService> > >::iterator it = laddedAddreses.begin(); it != laddedAddreses.end(); it++)
     {
-        Object obj;
+        UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         obj.push_back(Pair("addednode", it->first));
 
-        Array addresses;
+        UniValue addresses(UniValue::VARR);
         bool fConnected = false;
         BOOST_FOREACH(CService& addrNode, it->second)
         {
             bool fFound = false;
-            Object node;
+            UniValue node(UniValue::VOBJ);
             node.push_back(Pair("address", addrNode.ToString()));
             BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
                 if (pnode->addr == addrNode)
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ Value getnettotals(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
             + HelpExampleRpc("getnettotals", "")
        );
 
-    Object obj;
+    UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.push_back(Pair("totalbytesrecv", CNode::GetTotalBytesRecv()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("totalbytessent", CNode::GetTotalBytesSent()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("timemillis", GetTimeMillis()));
@@ -359,14 +359,14 @@ Value getnettotals(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
 static Array GetNetworksInfo()
 {
-    Array networks;
+    UniValue networks(UniValue::VARR);
     for(int n=0; n<NET_MAX; ++n)
     {
         enum Network network = static_cast<enum Network>(n);
         if(network == NET_UNROUTABLE)
             continue;
         proxyType proxy;
-        Object obj;
+        UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         GetProxy(network, proxy);
         obj.push_back(Pair("name", GetNetworkName(network)));
         obj.push_back(Pair("limited", IsLimited(network)));
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ Value getnetworkinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
-    Object obj;
+    UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.push_back(Pair("version",       CLIENT_VERSION));
     obj.push_back(Pair("subversion",
         FormatSubVersion(CLIENT_NAME, CLIENT_VERSION, std::vector<string>())));
@@ -428,12 +428,12 @@ Value getnetworkinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     obj.push_back(Pair("connections",   (int)vNodes.size()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("networks",      GetNetworksInfo()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("relayfee",      ValueFromAmount(::minRelayTxFee.GetFeePerK())));
-    Array localAddresses;
+    UniValue localAddresses(UniValue::VARR);
     {
         LOCK(cs_mapLocalHost);
         BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(CNetAddr, LocalServiceInfo) &item, mapLocalHost)
         {
-            Object rec;
+            UniValue rec(UniValue::VOBJ);
             rec.push_back(Pair("address", item.first.ToString()));
             rec.push_back(Pair("port", item.second.nPort));
             rec.push_back(Pair("score", item.second.nScore));
diff --git a/src/rpcrawtransaction.cpp b/src/rpcrawtransaction.cpp
index 5367f3d87..b873b904f 100644
--- a/src/rpcrawtransaction.cpp
+++ b/src/rpcrawtransaction.cpp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void ScriptPubKeyToJSON(const CScript& scriptPubKey, Object& out, bool fIncludeH
     out.push_back(Pair("reqSigs", nRequired));
     out.push_back(Pair("type", GetTxnOutputType(type)));
 
-    Array a;
+    UniValue a(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxDestination& addr, addresses)
         a.push_back(CBitcoinAddress(addr).ToString());
     out.push_back(Pair("addresses", a));
@@ -115,15 +115,15 @@ void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry)
     entry.push_back(Pair("txid", tx.GetHash().GetHex()));
     entry.push_back(Pair("version", tx.nVersion));
     entry.push_back(Pair("locktime", (int64_t)tx.nLockTime));
-    Array vin;
+    UniValue vin(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin) {
-        Object in;
+        UniValue in(UniValue::VOBJ);
         if (tx.IsCoinBase())
             in.push_back(Pair("coinbase", HexStr(txin.scriptSig.begin(), txin.scriptSig.end())));
         else {
             in.push_back(Pair("txid", txin.prevout.hash.GetHex()));
             in.push_back(Pair("vout", (int64_t)txin.prevout.n));
-            Object o;
+            UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
             o.push_back(Pair("asm", txin.scriptSig.ToString()));
             o.push_back(Pair("hex", HexStr(txin.scriptSig.begin(), txin.scriptSig.end())));
             in.push_back(Pair("scriptSig", o));
@@ -132,13 +132,13 @@ void TxToJSON(const CTransaction& tx, const uint256 hashBlock, Object& entry)
         vin.push_back(in);
     }
     entry.push_back(Pair("vin", vin));
-    Array vout;
+    UniValue vout(UniValue::VARR);
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vout.size(); i++) {
         const CTxOut& txout = tx.vout[i];
-        Object out;
+        UniValue out(UniValue::VOBJ);
         out.push_back(Pair("value", ValueFromAmount(txout.nValue)));
         out.push_back(Pair("n", (int64_t)i));
-        Object o;
+        UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
         ScriptPubKeyToJSON(txout.scriptPubKey, o, true);
         out.push_back(Pair("scriptPubKey", o));
         vout.push_back(out);
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ Value getrawtransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     if (!fVerbose)
         return strHex;
 
-    Object result;
+    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     result.push_back(Pair("hex", strHex));
     TxToJSON(tx, hashBlock, result);
     return result;
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ Value verifytxoutproof(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     CMerkleBlock merkleBlock;
     ssMB >> merkleBlock;
 
-    Array res;
+    UniValue res(UniValue::VARR);
 
     vector<uint256> vMatch;
     if (merkleBlock.txn.ExtractMatches(vMatch) != merkleBlock.header.hashMerkleRoot)
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ Value decodescript(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     LOCK(cs_main);
     RPCTypeCheck(params, boost::assign::list_of(UniValue::VSTR));
 
-    Object r;
+    UniValue r(UniValue::VOBJ);
     CScript script;
     if (params[0].get_str().size() > 0){
         vector<unsigned char> scriptData(ParseHexV(params[0], "argument"));
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ Value decodescript(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 /** Pushes a JSON object for script verification or signing errors to vErrorsRet. */
 static void TxInErrorToJSON(const CTxIn& txin, Array& vErrorsRet, const std::string& strMessage)
 {
-    Object entry;
+    UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
     entry.push_back(Pair("txid", txin.prevout.hash.ToString()));
     entry.push_back(Pair("vout", (uint64_t)txin.prevout.n));
     entry.push_back(Pair("scriptSig", HexStr(txin.scriptSig.begin(), txin.scriptSig.end())));
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ Value signrawtransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     bool fHashSingle = ((nHashType & ~SIGHASH_ANYONECANPAY) == SIGHASH_SINGLE);
 
     // Script verification errors
-    Array vErrors;
+    UniValue vErrors(UniValue::VARR);
 
     // Sign what we can:
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mergedTx.vin.size(); i++) {
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ Value signrawtransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     }
     bool fComplete = vErrors.empty();
 
-    Object result;
+    UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     result.push_back(Pair("hex", EncodeHexTx(mergedTx)));
     result.push_back(Pair("complete", fComplete));
     if (!vErrors.empty()) {
diff --git a/src/rpcserver.cpp b/src/rpcserver.cpp
index 8284e9932..336f7edf9 100644
--- a/src/rpcserver.cpp
+++ b/src/rpcserver.cpp
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ void JSONRequest::parse(const Value& valRequest)
 
 static Object JSONRPCExecOne(const Value& req)
 {
-    Object rpc_result;
+    UniValue rpc_result(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
     JSONRequest jreq;
     try {
diff --git a/src/test/rpc_tests.cpp b/src/test/rpc_tests.cpp
index cb882816b..4bb5334d0 100644
--- a/src/test/rpc_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/rpc_tests.cpp
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ using namespace json_spirit;
 Array
 createArgs(int nRequired, const char* address1=NULL, const char* address2=NULL)
 {
-    Array result;
+    UniValue result(UniValue::VARR);
     result.push_back(nRequired);
-    Array addresses;
+    UniValue addresses(UniValue::VARR);
     if (address1) addresses.push_back(address1);
     if (address2) addresses.push_back(address2);
     result.push_back(addresses);
diff --git a/src/test/script_tests.cpp b/src/test/script_tests.cpp
index fc6b44951..f3f3ffa2d 100644
--- a/src/test/script_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/test/script_tests.cpp
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ public:
     Array GetJSON()
     {
         DoPush();
-        Array array;
+        UniValue array(UniValue::VARR);
         array.push_back(FormatScript(spendTx.vin[0].scriptSig));
         array.push_back(FormatScript(creditTx.vout[0].scriptPubKey));
         array.push_back(FormatScriptFlags(flags));
diff --git a/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp b/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp
index 2defd4b59..14e8cb2c1 100644
--- a/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ void WalletTxToJSON(const CWalletTx& wtx, Object& entry)
     }
     uint256 hash = wtx.GetHash();
     entry.push_back(Pair("txid", hash.GetHex()));
-    Array conflicts;
+    UniValue conflicts(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& conflict, wtx.GetConflicts())
         conflicts.push_back(conflict.GetHex());
     entry.push_back(Pair("walletconflicts", conflicts));
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ Value getaddressesbyaccount(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     string strAccount = AccountFromValue(params[0]);
 
     // Find all addresses that have the given account
-    Array ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(CBitcoinAddress, CAddressBookData)& item, pwalletMain->mapAddressBook)
     {
         const CBitcoinAddress& address = item.first;
@@ -483,14 +483,14 @@ Value listaddressgroupings(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
 
-    Array jsonGroupings;
+    UniValue jsonGroupings(UniValue::VARR);
     map<CTxDestination, CAmount> balances = pwalletMain->GetAddressBalances();
     BOOST_FOREACH(set<CTxDestination> grouping, pwalletMain->GetAddressGroupings())
     {
-        Array jsonGrouping;
+        UniValue jsonGrouping(UniValue::VARR);
         BOOST_FOREACH(CTxDestination address, grouping)
         {
-            Array addressInfo;
+            UniValue addressInfo(UniValue::VARR);
             addressInfo.push_back(CBitcoinAddress(address).ToString());
             addressInfo.push_back(ValueFromAmount(balances[address]));
             {
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ Value sendmany(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     if (params.size() > 3 && !params[3].isNull() && !params[3].get_str().empty())
         wtx.mapValue["comment"] = params[3].get_str();
 
-    Array subtractFeeFromAmount;
+    UniValue subtractFeeFromAmount(UniValue::VARR);
     if (params.size() > 4)
         subtractFeeFromAmount = params[4].get_array();
 
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ Value ListReceived(const Array& params, bool fByAccounts)
     }
 
     // Reply
-    Array ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VARR);
     map<string, tallyitem> mapAccountTally;
     BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(CBitcoinAddress, CAddressBookData)& item, pwalletMain->mapAddressBook)
     {
@@ -1182,14 +1182,14 @@ Value ListReceived(const Array& params, bool fByAccounts)
         }
         else
         {
-            Object obj;
+            UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
             if(fIsWatchonly)
                 obj.push_back(Pair("involvesWatchonly", true));
             obj.push_back(Pair("address",       address.ToString()));
             obj.push_back(Pair("account",       strAccount));
             obj.push_back(Pair("amount",        ValueFromAmount(nAmount)));
             obj.push_back(Pair("confirmations", (nConf == std::numeric_limits<int>::max() ? 0 : nConf)));
-            Array transactions;
+            UniValue transactions(UniValue::VARR);
             if (it != mapTally.end())
             {
                 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& item, (*it).second.txids)
@@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@ Value ListReceived(const Array& params, bool fByAccounts)
         {
             CAmount nAmount = (*it).second.nAmount;
             int nConf = (*it).second.nConf;
-            Object obj;
+            UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
             if((*it).second.fIsWatchonly)
                 obj.push_back(Pair("involvesWatchonly", true));
             obj.push_back(Pair("account",       (*it).first));
@@ -1318,7 +1318,7 @@ void ListTransactions(const CWalletTx& wtx, const string& strAccount, int nMinDe
     {
         BOOST_FOREACH(const COutputEntry& s, listSent)
         {
-            Object entry;
+            UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
             if(involvesWatchonly || (::IsMine(*pwalletMain, s.destination) & ISMINE_WATCH_ONLY))
                 entry.push_back(Pair("involvesWatchonly", true));
             entry.push_back(Pair("account", strSentAccount));
@@ -1344,7 +1344,7 @@ void ListTransactions(const CWalletTx& wtx, const string& strAccount, int nMinDe
                 account = pwalletMain->mapAddressBook[r.destination].name;
             if (fAllAccounts || (account == strAccount))
             {
-                Object entry;
+                UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
                 if(involvesWatchonly || (::IsMine(*pwalletMain, r.destination) & ISMINE_WATCH_ONLY))
                     entry.push_back(Pair("involvesWatchonly", true));
                 entry.push_back(Pair("account", account));
@@ -1379,7 +1379,7 @@ void AcentryToJSON(const CAccountingEntry& acentry, const string& strAccount, Ar
 
     if (fAllAccounts || acentry.strAccount == strAccount)
     {
-        Object entry;
+        UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
         entry.push_back(Pair("account", acentry.strAccount));
         entry.push_back(Pair("category", "move"));
         entry.push_back(Pair("time", acentry.nTime));
@@ -1469,7 +1469,7 @@ Value listtransactions(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     if (nFrom < 0)
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "Negative from");
 
-    Array ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VARR);
 
     std::list<CAccountingEntry> acentries;
     CWallet::TxItems txOrdered = pwalletMain->OrderedTxItems(acentries, strAccount);
@@ -1506,6 +1506,7 @@ Value listtransactions(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     std::reverse(arrTmp.begin(), arrTmp.end()); // Return oldest to newest
 
     ret.clear();
+    ret.setArray();
     ret.push_backV(arrTmp);
 
     return ret;
@@ -1584,7 +1585,7 @@ Value listaccounts(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     BOOST_FOREACH(const CAccountingEntry& entry, acentries)
         mapAccountBalances[entry.strAccount] += entry.nCreditDebit;
 
-    Object ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VOBJ);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(string, CAmount)& accountBalance, mapAccountBalances) {
         ret.push_back(Pair(accountBalance.first, ValueFromAmount(accountBalance.second)));
     }
@@ -1662,7 +1663,7 @@ Value listsinceblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     int depth = pindex ? (1 + chainActive.Height() - pindex->nHeight) : -1;
 
-    Array transactions;
+    UniValue transactions(UniValue::VARR);
 
     for (map<uint256, CWalletTx>::iterator it = pwalletMain->mapWallet.begin(); it != pwalletMain->mapWallet.end(); it++)
     {
@@ -1675,7 +1676,7 @@ Value listsinceblock(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     CBlockIndex *pblockLast = chainActive[chainActive.Height() + 1 - target_confirms];
     uint256 lastblock = pblockLast ? pblockLast->GetBlockHash() : uint256();
 
-    Object ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VOBJ);
     ret.push_back(Pair("transactions", transactions));
     ret.push_back(Pair("lastblock", lastblock.GetHex()));
 
@@ -1744,7 +1745,7 @@ Value gettransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         if(params[1].get_bool())
             filter = filter | ISMINE_WATCH_ONLY;
 
-    Object entry;
+    UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
     if (!pwalletMain->mapWallet.count(hash))
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Invalid or non-wallet transaction id");
     const CWalletTx& wtx = pwalletMain->mapWallet[hash];
@@ -1760,7 +1761,7 @@ Value gettransaction(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     WalletTxToJSON(wtx, entry);
 
-    Array details;
+    UniValue details(UniValue::VARR);
     ListTransactions(wtx, "*", 0, false, details, filter);
     entry.push_back(Pair("details", details));
 
@@ -2193,10 +2194,10 @@ Value listlockunspent(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     vector<COutPoint> vOutpts;
     pwalletMain->ListLockedCoins(vOutpts);
 
-    Array ret;
+    UniValue ret(UniValue::VARR);
 
     BOOST_FOREACH(COutPoint &outpt, vOutpts) {
-        Object o;
+        UniValue o(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
         o.push_back(Pair("txid", outpt.hash.GetHex()));
         o.push_back(Pair("vout", (int)outpt.n));
@@ -2262,7 +2263,7 @@ Value getwalletinfo(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
     LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
 
-    Object obj;
+    UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.push_back(Pair("walletversion", pwalletMain->GetVersion()));
     obj.push_back(Pair("balance",       ValueFromAmount(pwalletMain->GetBalance())));
     obj.push_back(Pair("unconfirmed_balance", ValueFromAmount(pwalletMain->GetUnconfirmedBalance())));
@@ -2292,7 +2293,7 @@ Value resendwallettransactions(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
     LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
 
     std::vector<uint256> txids = pwalletMain->ResendWalletTransactionsBefore(GetTime());
-    Array result;
+    UniValue result(UniValue::VARR);
     BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& txid, txids)
     {
         result.push_back(txid.ToString());
@@ -2365,7 +2366,7 @@ Value listunspent(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
         }
     }
 
-    Array results;
+    UniValue results(UniValue::VARR);
     vector<COutput> vecOutputs;
     assert(pwalletMain != NULL);
     LOCK2(cs_main, pwalletMain->cs_wallet);
@@ -2385,7 +2386,7 @@ Value listunspent(const Array& params, bool fHelp)
 
         CAmount nValue = out.tx->vout[out.i].nValue;
         const CScript& pk = out.tx->vout[out.i].scriptPubKey;
-        Object entry;
+        UniValue entry(UniValue::VOBJ);
         entry.push_back(Pair("txid", out.tx->GetHash().GetHex()));
         entry.push_back(Pair("vout", out.i));
         CTxDestination address;