qa: Port RPC tests to Python 3, add comprehensive test runner

Migrate all 92 Python files in qa/ from Python 2 to Python 3: - Update shebangs from python2 to python3 - Replace print statements with print() calls - Fix imports (http.client, urllib.parse, queue, io, functools) - Convert xrange→range, 0L→0, long→int, cmp→key functions - Fix except/as syntax, bytes/str handling, integer division - Use relative imports in test_framework/ package Add qa/run-tests.sh: multi-stage test runner (1183 lines) - Stage 1: Build/binary verification - Stage 2: Security hardening (PIE, NX, RELRO, canary, FORTIFY) - Stage 3-4: Boost/Google test binaries - Stage 5: Library tests (secp256k1, univalue) - Stage 6: RandomX validation (live chain mining + block checks) - Stage 7: RPC integration (skipped: regtest mining incompatible) - Stage 8: Source code invariant checks - Stage 8b: DragonX-specific source checks (11 tests) - Flags: --chain=dragonx, --live-dragonx, --save-release, --quick - Timestamped reports with release archiving to qa/release-reports/ Add qa/clean-test-reports.sh for housekeeping (--keep=N, --dry-run) Fix test build infrastructure: - src/Makefile.gtest.include: fix zcash_gtest→hush_gtest refs, remove 17 stale source files, add LIBZCASH/LIBHUSH/LIBRANDOMX - src/Makefile.test.include: remove stale sources, deduplicate LDADD/CXXFLAGS, add missing libraries - src/gtest/test_checkblock.cpp: add height param to ContextualCheckBlock - src/test/test_bitcoin.cpp: remove JoinSplitTestingSetup (dead code) Add qa/test-reports/ to .gitignore for transient output.
Fix 7 stale references in docs and comments after codebase restructuring
2026-02-27 22:38:43 -06:00 · 2026-02-27 14:19:08 -06:00 · 2026-02-27 12:00:46 -06:00 · 2026-02-27 09:39:48 -06:00 · 2026-02-27 01:51:24 -06:00 · 2026-02-27 01:51:24 -06:00
181 changed files with 16787 additions and 33051 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,13 +1,43 @@
+# ==========================
+# Editor & IDE files
+# ==========================
+.*.sw?
+*.*~*
+*~
+*.bak
+*.rej
+*.orig
+.idea
+.vscode
+
+# ==========================
+# Compiled objects & libraries
+# ==========================
+*.o
+*.o-*
+*.a
+*.lo
+*.la
+*.so
+*.dll
+*.pyc
+*.pb.cc
+*.pb.h
+*.json.h
+*.raw.h
+*.dSYM
+
+# ==========================
+# Archives & packages
+# ==========================
 *.tar.gz
 *.deb
-src/bitcoin
-src/test/test_bitcoin
-src/core
+*.zip
+*.dmg

-*zcashTest.pk
-*zcashTest.vk
-
-# autoreconf
+# ==========================
+# Autotools / configure
+# ==========================
 #Makefile.in
 aclocal.m4
 autom4te.cache/
@@ -28,58 +58,74 @@ config.log
 config.status
 configure
 libtool
+Makefile
+Makefile.in
+src/Makefile.in
+doc/man/Makefile.in
 src/config/bitcoin-config.h
 src/config/bitcoin-config.h.in
 src/config/stamp-h1
+libzcashconsensus.pc

-cache/
-venv-mnf/
-src/univalue/gen
-
+# ==========================
+# Build outputs & artifacts
+# ==========================
+src/.build_target
 .deps
 .dirstamp
-.idea
 .libs
-.*.sw?
-*.*~*
-*.bak
-*.rej
-*.orig
-*.pyc
-*.o
-*.o-*
-.zcash
-*.a
-*.pb.cc
-*.pb.h
-.vscode

+# Hush binaries
+src/hush-cli
+src/hushd
+src/hush-tx
+src/hush-test
+src/hush-cli.exe
+src/hushd.exe
+src/hush-tx.exe
+src/wallet-utility
+src/wallet-utility.exe
+
+# Legacy bitcoin binaries
+src/bitcoin
+src/test/test_bitcoin
+src/core
+
+# Shared libraries
+src/libcc.so
+src/libcc.dll
+src/cc/customcc.so
+src/cc/customcc.dll
+src/cc/librogue.so
+
+# RandomX build dirs
+src/RandomX/build-linux/
+src/RandomX/build-win64/
+
+# Release directories
+release/
+release-win64/
+release-linux/
+
+# ==========================
+# Depends build system
+# ==========================
+depends/built/
+depends/work/
+depends/x86_64-*/
+
+# ==========================
+# Zcash / Sapling test keys
+# ==========================
+*zcashTest.pk
+*zcashTest.vk
+.zcash
+
+# ==========================
+# Test & coverage
+# ==========================
 *.log
 *.trs
-*.dmg
-
-*.json.h
-*.raw.h
-
-#libtool object files
-*.lo
-*.la
-
-# Compilation
-Makefile
-
-# Unit-tests
-Makefile.test
-src/test/buildenv.py
-
-# Resources cpp
-qrc_*.cpp
-
-# Mac specific
-.DS_Store
-build
-
-#lcov
 *.gcno
 *.gcda
 /*.info
@@ -87,8 +133,8 @@ test_bitcoin.coverage/
 zcash-gtest.coverage/
 total.coverage/
 coverage_percent.txt
-
-#build tests
+Makefile.test
+src/test/buildenv.py
 linux-coverage-build
 linux-build
 win32-build
@@ -97,84 +143,66 @@ qa/pull-tester/tests-config.sh
 qa/pull-tester/cache/*
 qa/pull-tester/test.*/*

-!src/leveldb*/Makefile
-
+# ==========================
+# Generated / misc source
+# ==========================
+qrc_*.cpp
+src/univalue/gen
+src/cryptoconditions/compile
+src/fiat/-usd
 /doc/doxygen/

-libzcashconsensus.pc
+# ==========================
+# CC / games (legacy)
+# ==========================
+src/cc/rogue/rogue
+src/cc/rogue/rogue.so
+src/cc/rogue/test.zip
+src/cc/rogue/config.h
+src/cc/rogue/confdefs.h
+src/cc/rogue/x64
+src/cc/dapps/a.out
+src/cc/games/prices
+src/cc/games/tetris
+src/ROGUE.conf
+src/rogue.scr
+src/rogue.*.*

-src/fiat/-usd
+# ==========================
+# Misc runtime / temp files
+# ==========================
+src/checkfile
+src/foo.zip
+src/log
+src/HUSH3_7776
+REGTEST_7776
+src/rpcmisc~.cpp
+cache/
+venv-mnf/
+
+# ==========================
+# Debian packaging
+# ==========================
 contrib/debian/files
 contrib/debian/substvars

-src/rpcmisc~.cpp
-src/wallet-utility
+# ==========================
+# Platform specific
+# ==========================
+.DS_Store
+build

-src/hush-cli
-src/hushd
-src/hush-tx
-src/hush-test
-src/hush-cli.exe
-src/hushd.exe
-src/hush-tx.exe
+# ==========================
+# Bundled repos (use separately)
+# ==========================
+repos/

-#output during builds, symbol tables?
-*.dSYM
+# ==========================
+# Leveldb Makefile exception
+# ==========================

-
-src/cryptoconditions/compile
-
-src/cc/rogue/rogue
-
-src/cc/rogue/rogue.so
-
-src/cc/rogue/test.zip
-src/cc/dapps/a.out
-src/checkfile
-
-src/foo.zip
-
-src/log
-
-src/rogue.530623577502174316.0
-
-src/rogue.530623577502174316.pack
-
-src/rogue.530623577502174316.player
-
-
-src/cc/rogue/config.h
-
-src/ROGUE.conf
-
-src/rogue.scr
-
-src/cc/rogue/confdefs.h
-src/cc/rogue/x64
-
-src/cc/dapps/a.out
-src/Makefile.in
-doc/man/Makefile.in
-Makefile.in
-src/libcc.so
-src/libcc.dll
-src/cc/customcc.so
-src/cc/customcc.dll
-src/HUSH3_7776
-REGTEST_7776
-src/cc/librogue.so
-src/cc/games/prices
-src/cc/games/tetris
-
-# Build artifacts
-*~
-*.zip
-release-win64/
-release-linux/
-src/RandomX/build-linux/
-src/RandomX/build-win64/
-src/wallet-utility.exe
-src/.build_target
-
-# other
-repos/
+# ==========================
+# Test reports (transient)
+# ==========================
+qa/test-reports/
+!src/leveldb*/Makefile
--- a/build-docker-release.sh
+++ b/build-docker-release.sh
@@ -11,38 +11,43 @@ make clean 2>/dev/null || true
 rm -rf depends/built depends/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu depends/work
 make -C depends clean 2>/dev/null || true

+# Limit parallelism to avoid OOM kills inside Docker.
+# Each C++ compilation can use 1-2 GB RAM; cap at ~half of nproc.
+JOBS=$(( $(nproc) / 2 ))
+[ "$JOBS" -lt 1 ] && JOBS=1
+
 # Build RandomX for Linux (clean, since host build is different arch/libc)
 cd src/RandomX
 rm -rf build-linux
 mkdir -p build-linux && cd build-linux
 cmake -DARCH=native ..
-make -j$(nproc)
+make -j"$JOBS"
 cd /hush3

 # Run the normal build
-./util/build.sh --disable-tests -j$(nproc)
+./util/build.sh --disable-tests -j"$JOBS"

 # Package release
 echo "Creating Linux release package..."
 VERSION=$(grep -oP 'define\(_CLIENT_VERSION.*?,\s*\K[0-9]+' configure.ac | head -3 | tr '\n' '.' | sed 's/\.$//')
 VERSION=${VERSION:-3.10.5}
-RELEASE_DIR="release-linux"
+RELEASE_DIR="release/${VERSION}-linux-amd64"
 mkdir -p "$RELEASE_DIR"

 strip -s src/hushd src/hush-cli src/hush-tx
 cp src/hushd src/hush-cli src/hush-tx "$RELEASE_DIR/"
 cp asmap.dat sapling-spend.params sapling-output.params "$RELEASE_DIR/" 2>/dev/null || true
-cp src/hush-arrakis-chain src/dragonxd src/dragonx-cli "$RELEASE_DIR/"
+cp contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain contrib/scripts/dragonxd contrib/scripts/dragonx-cli "$RELEASE_DIR/"
 cp contrib/bootstrap/bootstrap-dragonx.sh "$RELEASE_DIR/"

 # Create ZIP inside release dir (matches --win-release layout)
-rm -f "$RELEASE_DIR/hush-${VERSION}-linux64.zip"
+rm -f "$RELEASE_DIR/${VERSION}-linux-amd64.zip"
 cd "$RELEASE_DIR"
-zip -9 "hush-${VERSION}-linux64.zip" *
-cd ..
+zip -9 "${VERSION}-linux-amd64.zip" *
+cd ../..

-echo "Release package created: $RELEASE_DIR/hush-${VERSION}-linux64.zip"
-ls -lh "$RELEASE_DIR/hush-${VERSION}-linux64.zip"
+echo "Release package created: $RELEASE_DIR/${VERSION}-linux-amd64.zip"
+ls -lh "$RELEASE_DIR/${VERSION}-linux-amd64.zip"

 # Fix ownership of all files created by root so host user can access them
 if [ -n "${HOST_UID:-}" ] && [ -n "${HOST_GID:-}" ]; then
--- a/build.sh
+++ b/build.sh
@@ -26,6 +26,26 @@ check_and_clean_target() {
        if [[ -d src/leveldb ]]; then
            make -C src/leveldb clean 2>/dev/null || true
        fi
+        # Clean depends when switching between Docker and native builds,
+        # since Docker builds bake container paths into .la files
+        local TRIPLET
+        TRIPLET=$(./depends/config.guess 2>/dev/null || true)
+        if [[ -n "$TRIPLET" && -d "depends/$TRIPLET" ]]; then
+            echo "Cleaning depends/$TRIPLET to avoid path contamination..."
+            # Use sudo if files are root-owned (from Docker builds)
+            if [[ "$(stat -c '%u' "depends/$TRIPLET" 2>/dev/null)" == "0" ]]; then
+                sudo rm -rf "depends/$TRIPLET" "depends/built/$TRIPLET"
+            else
+                rm -rf "depends/$TRIPLET" "depends/built/$TRIPLET"
+            fi
+        elif [[ -n "$TRIPLET" && -d "depends/built/$TRIPLET" ]]; then
+            echo "Cleaning depends/built/$TRIPLET to avoid path contamination..."
+            if [[ "$(stat -c '%u' "depends/built/$TRIPLET" 2>/dev/null)" == "0" ]]; then
+                sudo rm -rf "depends/built/$TRIPLET"
+            else
+                rm -rf "depends/built/$TRIPLET"
+            fi
+        fi
        echo "Clean complete."
    fi
    
@@ -48,7 +68,9 @@ if [[ "${1:-}" == "--linux-release" ]]; then
    echo "Building Linux release inside Ubuntu 20.04 Docker container..."
    sudo docker build -t hush-builder -f Dockerfile.build .
    sudo docker run --rm -e HOST_UID=$(id -u) -e HOST_GID=$(id -g) -v "$SCRIPT_DIR:/hush3" hush-builder "$@"
-    echo "Docker build complete. Release is in release-linux/"
+    VERSION=$(grep -oP 'define\(_CLIENT_VERSION.*?,\s*\K[0-9]+' configure.ac | head -3 | tr '\n' '.' | sed 's/\.$//')
+    VERSION=${VERSION:-3.10.5}
+    echo "Docker build complete. Release is in release/${VERSION}-linux-amd64/"
    exit $?
 fi

--- a/contrib/README.md
+++ b/contrib/README.md
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Estimate when a Hush block will happen.

 Example:

-    ./contrib/block_time.pl  123456 # Print out datetime of when block height 123456 happens
+    ./contrib/scripts/block_time.pl  123456 # Print out datetime of when block height 123456 happens

 ## gen-zaddrs.pl

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ Generate zaddrs in bulk, by default 50 at a time. Prints out a zaddr one per lin

 Example:

-    ./contrib/gen-zaddrs.pl     # generate 50 zaddrs
-    ./contrib/gen-zaddrs.pl 500 # generate 500 zaddrs
+    ./contrib/scripts/gen-zaddrs.pl     # generate 50 zaddrs
+    ./contrib/scripts/gen-zaddrs.pl 500 # generate 500 zaddrs


 ## Wallet Tools
--- a/contrib/scripts/assetchains_stop
+++ b/contrib/scripts/assetchains_stop
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
+set -eo pipefail
+
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
+hush_cli='./hush-cli'
+
+"$SCRIPTDIR/listassetchains" | while read chain; do
+  $hush_cli --ac_name=$chain stop
+done
+
--- a/contrib/scripts/avg_blocktime.pl
+++ b/contrib/scripts/avg_blocktime.pl
--- a/contrib/scripts/block_time.pl
+++ b/contrib/scripts/block_time.pl
--- a/contrib/scripts/convert_address.py
+++ b/contrib/scripts/convert_address.py
--- a/contrib/scripts/dragonx-cli
+++ b/contrib/scripts/dragonx-cli
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2016-2024 The Hush Developers
+# Copyright 2022      The DragonX Developers
+# Released under the GPLv3
+
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
+./hush-cli -ac_name=DRAGONX "$@"
--- a/contrib/scripts/dragonx-cli.bat
+++ b/contrib/scripts/dragonx-cli.bat
--- a/contrib/scripts/dragonx_scanner
+++ b/contrib/scripts/dragonx_scanner
--- a/contrib/scripts/dragonxd
+++ b/contrib/scripts/dragonxd
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 # Copyright 2022      The DragonX Developers
 # Released under the GPLv3

-# set working directory to the location of this script
-# readlink -f does not always exist
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$( readlink "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"

 SEEDNODE=176.126.87.241

--- a/contrib/scripts/dragonxd.bat
+++ b/contrib/scripts/dragonxd.bat
--- a/contrib/scripts/fresh_clone_compile_and_run.sh
+++ b/contrib/scripts/fresh_clone_compile_and_run.sh
--- a/contrib/scripts/gen-zaddrs.pl
+++ b/contrib/scripts/gen-zaddrs.pl
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
+DEFAULTS=""
+
+# People can just use hushd going forward, but this script makes it
+# more clear what is going on
+HUSH="./hushd"
+$HUSH $DEFAULTS "$@"
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain.bat
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain.bat
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush-uri.bat
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush-uri.bat
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush_block_subsidy_per_halving
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush_block_subsidy_per_halving
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush_halvings
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush_halvings
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush_scanner
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush_scanner
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush_supply
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush_supply
--- a/contrib/scripts/hush_supply_old
+++ b/contrib/scripts/hush_supply_old
--- a/contrib/scripts/listassetchainparams
+++ b/contrib/scripts/listassetchainparams
@@ -5,8 +5,12 @@ import json
 def format_param(param, value):
    return '-' + param + '=' + value

-script_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
-with open(script_dir + '/assetchains.json') as file:
+script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+# Look for assetchains.json in same dir first, then in src/
+json_path = os.path.join(script_dir, 'assetchains.json')
+if not os.path.exists(json_path):
+    json_path = os.path.join(script_dir, '..', '..', 'src', 'assetchains.json')
+with open(json_path) as file:
    assetchains = json.load(file)

 for chain in assetchains:
--- a/contrib/scripts/listassetchains
+++ b/contrib/scripts/listassetchains
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python2
+import os
+import json
+
+script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+# Look for assetchains.json in same dir first, then in src/
+json_path = os.path.join(script_dir, 'assetchains.json')
+if not os.path.exists(json_path):
+    json_path = os.path.join(script_dir, '..', '..', 'src', 'assetchains.json')
+with open(json_path) as file:
+    assetchains = json.load(file)
+
+for chain in assetchains:
+    print(chain['ac_name'])
--- a/contrib/scripts/purge
+++ b/contrib/scripts/purge
--- a/contrib/scripts/sda_checkpoints.pl
+++ b/contrib/scripts/sda_checkpoints.pl
--- a/contrib/scripts/sdl_checkpoints.pl
+++ b/contrib/scripts/sdl_checkpoints.pl
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use warnings;
 use strict;

 # call this script like this to generate checkpoints for a HAC such as DragonX:
-# CLI=./src/dragonx-cli ./contrib/sdl_checkpoints.pl ...
+# CLI=./src/dragonx-cli ./contrib/scripts/sdl_checkpoints.pl ...

 my $hush    = $ENV{CLI} || "./src/hush-cli";
 my $gethash = "$hush getblockhash";
--- a/contrib/scripts/smartchains
+++ b/contrib/scripts/smartchains
@@ -2,15 +2,24 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2018-2024 The Hush developers
 set -eo pipefail

+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
 # You can now add delay line to pubkey.txt file
 source pubkey.txt
-overide_args="$@"
+override_args="$@"
 seed_ip=$(SEEDNODE)
 hsc='./hush-arrakis-chain'

 if [ -z "$delay" ]; then delay=20; fi

-./listassetchainparams | while read args; do
+"$SCRIPTDIR/listassetchainparams" | while read args; do
  gen=""
  if [ $[RANDOM % 10] == 1 ]; then
      gen=" -gen -genproclimit=1"
--- a/contrib/scripts/testdragonx-cli
+++ b/contrib/scripts/testdragonx-cli
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2016-2024 The Hush Developers
+# Copyright 2022      The DragonX Developers
+# Released under the GPLv3
+
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
+./hush-cli -ac_name=TESTDRAGONX $@
--- a/contrib/scripts/testdragonxd
+++ b/contrib/scripts/testdragonxd
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 # Copyright 2022      The DragonX Developers
 # Released under the GPLv3

-# set working directory to the location of this script
-# readlink -f does not always exist
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$( readlink "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"

 BLOCKTIME=18
 SUPPLY=0
--- a/contrib/scripts/testequihash-cli
+++ b/contrib/scripts/testequihash-cli
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright 2016-2024 The Hush Developers
+# Copyright 2022      The DragonX Developers
+# Released under the GPLv3
+
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
+./hush-cli -ac_name=TESTEQUIHASH $@
--- a/contrib/scripts/testequihashd
+++ b/contrib/scripts/testequihashd
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 # Copyright 2022      The DragonX Developers
 # Released under the GPLv3

-# set working directory to the location of this script
-# readlink -f does not always exist
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$( readlink "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"

 BLOCKTIME=18
 SUPPLY=0
--- a/contrib/scripts/tidy_datadir.sh
+++ b/contrib/scripts/tidy_datadir.sh
--- a/contrib/scripts/tush-cli
+++ b/contrib/scripts/tush-cli
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers

-# set working directory to the location of this script
-# readlink -f does not always exist
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$( readlink "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"

 NAME=TUSH

--- a/contrib/scripts/tushd
+++ b/contrib/scripts/tushd
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html

-# set working directory to the location of this script
-# readlink -f does not always exist
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
-DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$( readlink "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" )" && pwd )"
-cd $DIR
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"

 # ./hushd -ac_name=TUSH -ac_private=1 -gen=1 -testnode=1
 ./hushd -ac_name=TUSH -ac_private=1 -ac_supply=55555
--- a/contrib/scripts/zush
+++ b/contrib/scripts/zush
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
+
+# Resolve binary directory
+SCRIPTDIR="$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )"
+if [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hush-cli" ] || [ -f "$SCRIPTDIR/hushd" ]; then
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR"
+else
+    BINDIR="$SCRIPTDIR/../../src"
+fi
+cd "$BINDIR"
+
+NAME=ZUSH
+
+CLI=${HUSHCLI:-./hush-cli}
+if [ -f $CLI ]; then
+   $CLI -ac_name=$NAME "$@"
+fi
--- a/doc/CHANGELOG-randomx-validation.md
+++ b/doc/CHANGELOG-randomx-validation.md
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ A malicious miner could put arbitrary bytes in `nSolution`, iterate nonces until
  - Compares the computed hash against `pblock->nSolution`.
  - Caches the RandomX VM and cache between calls (protected by mutex), re-initializing only when the key changes.

-### `src/main.cpp`
+### `src/block_processing.cpp`

 - In `CheckBlockHeader()`: added `CheckRandomXSolution()` call inside the `fCheckPOW` block, after the existing `CheckEquihashSolution()` call. Invalid RandomX solutions are rejected with `DoS(100)`.

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ A malicious miner could put arbitrary bytes in `nSolution`, iterate nonces until
 | `src/hush_defs.h` | 1 | 0 |
 | `src/pow.h` | 9 | 0 |
 | `src/pow.cpp` | ~105 | 0 |
-| `src/main.cpp` | 2 | 0 |
+| `src/block_processing.cpp` | 2 | 0 |
 | `src/hush_bitcoind.h` | 6 | 0 |
 | `src/miner.cpp` | 5 | 5 |
 | `src/hush_utils.h` | 10 | 0 |
--- a/doc/DEVELOPING.md
+++ b/doc/DEVELOPING.md
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ The chain magic value is the CRC32 checksum of every non-default consensus
 option the HAC uses.

 Also make sure to actually validate the new consensus option! That is probably
-going to happen in `src/main.cpp` . If you don't, a malicious node can just
+going to happen in `src/tx_validation.cpp` or `src/block_processing.cpp` . If you don't, a malicious node can just
 modify `src/miner.cpp` to do whatever they want.

 ## Updates to this document
--- a/doc/OLD_WALLETS.md
+++ b/doc/OLD_WALLETS.md
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ with `t1` and now they begin with `R`.
 To see what an old HUSH v2 address looks like on the new chain, this online tool
 can be used: https://dexstats.info/addressconverter.php

-or this command line tool: https://git.hush.is/hush/hush3/src/master/contrib/convert_address.py
+or this command line tool: https://git.hush.is/hush/hush3/src/master/contrib/scripts/convert_address.py


 ### Using an old wallet.dat
--- a/doc/developer-notes.md
+++ b/doc/developer-notes.md
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ For this repo, it's likely this is the command you need:
 gdb src/hushd core
 ```

-NOTE: Even if you are debugging a coredump on a HAC, such as DragonX, the file `src/dragonxd`
+NOTE: Even if you are debugging a coredump on a HAC, such as DragonX, the file `contrib/scripts/dragonxd`
 is just a shell script that calls `src/hushd` and you always want to give an actual executable
 file as the first argument to `gdb`, not a bash script.

--- a/doc/randomx.md
+++ b/doc/randomx.md
@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ The following command can be used to launch an HSC on a single computer. Each op
 HSC CLI arguments that start with `-ac_` means they *Affect Consensus*.

 ```
-./src/hush-arrakis-chain -ac_halving=100 -ac_algo=randomx -ac_name=RANDOMX -ac_private=1 -ac_blocktime=15 -ac_reward=500000000 -ac_supply=55555 -gen=1 -genproclimit=1 -testnode=1
+./contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain -ac_halving=100 -ac_algo=randomx -ac_name=RANDOMX -ac_private=1 -ac_blocktime=15 -ac_reward=500000000 -ac_supply=55555 -gen=1 -genproclimit=1 -testnode=1
 ```

  * `hush-arrakis-chain` is the script used to launch or connect to HSCs
-    * It lives in the `./src` directory, next to `hushd` and `hush-cli`
+    * It lives in the `./contrib/scripts` directory
    * It is called `hush-arrakis-chain.bat` on Windows
  * `-ac_halving=100` means "the block reward halves every 100 blocks"
  * `-ac_algo=randomx` means "use RandomX for Proof-Of-Work
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ HSC CLI arguments that start with `-ac_` means they *Affect Consensus*.
    * One node would use
 ```
 # first node
-./src/hush-arrakis-chain -ac_halving=100 -ac_algo=randomx -ac_name=RANDOMX -ac_private=1 -ac_blocktime=15 -ac_reward=500000000 -ac_supply=55555
+./contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain -ac_halving=100 -ac_algo=randomx -ac_name=RANDOMX -ac_private=1 -ac_blocktime=15 -ac_reward=500000000 -ac_supply=55555
 ```
    * And the second node would use:
 ```
 # mining node. NOTE: This node will mine the genesis block and pre-mine, if any
-./src/hush-arrakis-chain -ac_halving=100 -ac_algo=randomx -ac_name=RANDOMX -ac_private=1 -ac_blocktime=15 -ac_reward=500000000 -ac_supply=55555 -gen=1 -genproclimit=1
+./contrib/scripts/hush-arrakis-chain -ac_halving=100 -ac_algo=randomx -ac_name=RANDOMX -ac_private=1 -ac_blocktime=15 -ac_reward=500000000 -ac_supply=55555 -gen=1 -genproclimit=1
 ```

 # Advanced Options
--- a/doc/release-process.md
+++ b/doc/release-process.md
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ Install deps on Linux:
     - There is a hack in the script where you can hardcode a version number if hushd isn't running.
     - Comment out the HUSHVER line and uncomment the line above it with a hardcoded version number
   - PROTIP: Man page creation must be done after updating the version number and recompiling and before Debian package creation
- - Update checkpoints in src/chainparams.cpp via util/checkpoints.pl
+ - Update checkpoints in src/chainparams_checkpoints_hush3.h (or src/chainparams_checkpoints_dragonx.h for DRAGONX) via util/checkpoints.pl
   - Run "./util/checkpoints.pl help" to get example usage
   - hushd must be running to run this script, since it uses hush-cli to get the data
-   - Look for line which says "END HUSH mainnet checkpoint data" near line 560 in chainparams.cpp , that is where checkpoint data ends
+   - The checkpoint data is in src/chainparams_checkpoints_hush3.h, which is #included at line 559 of chainparams.cpp. Add new entries at the end of that header file.
   - Find the highest block height of checkpoint data, let's call it HEIGHT
   - Run `./util/checkpoints.pl 1000 HEIGHT &> checkpoints.txt` to generate the latest checkpoint data
   - To copy the new data from checkpoints.txt into the file, one way in Vim is to type ":r checkpoints.txt" which will read in a file and paste it as the current cursor
--- a/doc/relnotes/README.md
+++ b/doc/relnotes/README.md
@@ -231,8 +231,8 @@ since it contains various bugfixes and improvements that will benefit busy walle
  * sendmany RPC will now reject transactions that send to taddrs immediately, instead of them being rejected in mempool
  * Preliminary support for FreeBSD has been added to the Hush build system
  * New contrib scripts:
-    * `contrib/gen-zaddrs.pl` - Generate zaddrs in bulk, defaults to 50
-    * `contrib/sdl_checkpoints.pl` - Generate SDL checkpoints using `getblockmerkletree`
+    * `contrib/scripts/gen-zaddrs.pl` - Generate zaddrs in bulk, defaults to 50
+    * `contrib/scripts/sdl_checkpoints.pl` - Generate SDL checkpoints using `getblockmerkletree`
  * ZeroMQ support has been removed from Hush

 # Hush 3.9.1 "Luciferous Locust"
--- a/qa/clean-test-reports.sh
+++ b/qa/clean-test-reports.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) 2024-2026 The Hush developers
+# Clean up old test reports and log directories
+# Usage: ./qa/clean-test-reports.sh [--keep=N] [--dry-run] [--all]
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+REPORT_DIR="$SCRIPT_DIR/test-reports"
+
+# Defaults
+KEEP=3          # number of most recent report sets to keep
+DRY_RUN=0
+REMOVE_ALL=0
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+    case "$arg" in
+        --keep=*)   KEEP="${arg#--keep=}" ;;
+        --dry-run)  DRY_RUN=1 ;;
+        --all)      REMOVE_ALL=1 ;;
+        --help|-h)
+            echo "Usage: $0 [--keep=N] [--dry-run] [--all]"
+            echo ""
+            echo "  --keep=N    Keep the N most recent reports (default: 3)"
+            echo "  --dry-run   Show what would be removed without deleting"
+            echo "  --all       Remove ALL reports and logs (ignores --keep)"
+            echo ""
+            exit 0
+            ;;
+        *) echo "Unknown option: $arg"; exit 1 ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+if [[ ! -d "$REPORT_DIR" ]]; then
+    echo "Nothing to clean — $REPORT_DIR does not exist."
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# Gather all report files sorted newest-first
+mapfile -t ALL_REPORTS < <(ls -1t "$REPORT_DIR"/test-report-*.txt 2>/dev/null)
+
+total=${#ALL_REPORTS[@]}
+if [[ $total -eq 0 ]]; then
+    echo "No test reports found in $REPORT_DIR"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+echo "Found $total report(s) in $REPORT_DIR"
+
+if [[ $REMOVE_ALL -eq 1 ]]; then
+    TO_REMOVE=("${ALL_REPORTS[@]}")
+else
+    if [[ $KEEP -ge $total ]]; then
+        echo "Keeping all $total reports (--keep=$KEEP >= total)."
+        echo "Nothing to remove."
+        exit 0
+    fi
+    TO_REMOVE=("${ALL_REPORTS[@]:$KEEP}")
+fi
+
+removed_count=0
+freed_bytes=0
+
+for report in "${TO_REMOVE[@]}"; do
+    # Derive the matching logs directory from the report filename
+    # test-report-20260227_182206.txt -> logs-20260227_182206
+    ts=$(basename "$report" .txt | sed 's/^test-report-//')
+    log_dir="$REPORT_DIR/logs-${ts}"
+
+    if [[ $DRY_RUN -eq 1 ]]; then
+        echo "  [dry-run] would remove: $(basename "$report")"
+        [[ -d "$log_dir" ]] && echo "  [dry-run] would remove: $(basename "$log_dir")/"
+    else
+        # Tally size before removal
+        if [[ -f "$report" ]]; then
+            freed_bytes=$(( freed_bytes + $(stat -c%s "$report" 2>/dev/null || echo 0) ))
+            rm -f "$report"
+        fi
+        if [[ -d "$log_dir" ]]; then
+            freed_bytes=$(( freed_bytes + $(du -sb "$log_dir" 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $1}') ))
+            rm -rf "$log_dir"
+        fi
+        ((removed_count++))
+    fi
+done
+
+# Clean up any orphaned log directories (no matching report file)
+for log_dir in "$REPORT_DIR"/logs-*/; do
+    [[ -d "$log_dir" ]] || continue
+    ts=$(basename "$log_dir" | sed 's/^logs-//')
+    report="$REPORT_DIR/test-report-${ts}.txt"
+    if [[ ! -f "$report" ]]; then
+        if [[ $DRY_RUN -eq 1 ]]; then
+            echo "  [dry-run] would remove orphan: $(basename "$log_dir")/"
+        else
+            freed_bytes=$(( freed_bytes + $(du -sb "$log_dir" 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $1}') ))
+            rm -rf "$log_dir"
+            ((removed_count++))
+        fi
+    fi
+done
+
+if [[ $DRY_RUN -eq 1 ]]; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "Dry run complete. No files were removed."
+else
+    freed_mb=$(( freed_bytes / 1024 / 1024 ))
+    freed_kb=$(( freed_bytes / 1024 ))
+    if [[ $freed_mb -gt 0 ]]; then
+        echo "Removed $removed_count item(s), freed ~${freed_mb}MB"
+    else
+        echo "Removed $removed_count item(s), freed ~${freed_kb}KB"
+    fi
+
+    remaining=$(ls -1 "$REPORT_DIR"/test-report-*.txt 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
+    echo "Remaining reports: $remaining"
+fi
--- a/qa/hush/create_benchmark_archive.py
+++ b/qa/hush/create_benchmark_archive.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=src/leveldb python qa/hush/create_benchmark_archive.py

 def check_deps():
    if subprocess.call(['which', 'find', 'xz', HUSH_CLI], stdout=subprocess.PIPE):
-        print USAGE
+        print(USAGE)
        sys.exit()

 def encode_varint(n):
@@ -51,8 +51,9 @@ def encode_varint(n):
 def decode_varint(v):
    n = 0
    for ch in range(len(v)):
-        n = (n << 7) | (ord(v[ch]) & 0x7F)
-        if (ord(v[ch]) & 0x80):
+        b = v[ch] if isinstance(v[ch], int) else ord(v[ch])
+        n = (n << 7) | (b & 0x7F)
+        if (b & 0x80):
            n += 1
        else:
            return n
@@ -159,8 +160,8 @@ def deterministic_filter(tarinfo):

 def create_benchmark_archive(blk_hash):
    blk = json.loads(subprocess.check_output([HUSH_CLI, 'getblock', blk_hash]))
-    print 'Height: %d' % blk['height']
-    print 'Transactions: %d' % len(blk['tx'])
+    print(('Height: %d' % blk['height']))
+    print(('Transactions: %d' % len(blk['tx'])))

    os.mkdir('benchmark')
    with open('benchmark/block-%d.dat' % blk['height'], 'wb') as f:
@@ -171,25 +172,25 @@ def create_benchmark_archive(blk_hash):

    js_txs = len([tx for tx in txs if len(tx['vjoinsplit']) > 0])
    if js_txs:
-        print 'Block contains %d JoinSplit-containing transactions' % js_txs
+        print(('Block contains %d JoinSplit-containing transactions' % js_txs))
        return

-    inputs = [(x['txid'], x['vout']) for tx in txs for x in tx['vin'] if x.has_key('txid')]
-    print 'Total inputs: %d' % len(inputs)
+    inputs = [(x['txid'], x['vout']) for tx in txs for x in tx['vin'] if 'txid' in x]
+    print(('Total inputs: %d' % len(inputs)))

    unique_inputs = {}
    for i in sorted(inputs):
-        if unique_inputs.has_key(i[0]):
+        if i[0] in unique_inputs:
            unique_inputs[i[0]].append(i[1])
        else:
            unique_inputs[i[0]] = [i[1]]
-    print 'Unique input transactions: %d' % len(unique_inputs)
+    print(('Unique input transactions: %d' % len(unique_inputs)))

    db_path = 'benchmark/block-%d-inputs' % blk['height']
    db = plyvel.DB(db_path, create_if_missing=True)
    wb = db.write_batch()
    bar = progressbar.ProgressBar(redirect_stdout=True)
-    print 'Collecting input coins for block'
+    print('Collecting input coins for block')
    for tx in bar(unique_inputs.keys()):
        rawtx = json.loads(subprocess.check_output([HUSH_CLI, 'getrawtransaction', tx, '1']))

@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ def create_benchmark_archive(blk_hash):
        tar.add(name, recursive=False, filter=deterministic_filter)
    tar.close()
    subprocess.check_call(['xz', '-6', archive_name])
-    print 'Created archive %s.xz' % archive_name
+    print(('Created archive %s.xz' % archive_name))
    subprocess.call(['rm', '-r', 'benchmark'])

 if __name__ == '__main__':
--- a/qa/hush/create_wallet_200k_utxos.py
+++ b/qa/hush/create_wallet_200k_utxos.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2017 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 class LargeWalletTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 2)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ class LargeWalletTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

        self.nodes[1].generate(1)
        self.sync_all()
-        print('Node 0: %d transactions, %d UTXOs' %
-              (len(self.nodes[0].listtransactions()), len(self.nodes[0].listunspent())))
-        print('Node 1: %d transactions, %d UTXOs' %
-              (len(self.nodes[1].listtransactions()), len(self.nodes[1].listunspent())))
+        print(('Node 0: %d transactions, %d UTXOs' %
+              (len(self.nodes[0].listtransactions()), len(self.nodes[0].listunspent()))))
+        print(('Node 1: %d transactions, %d UTXOs' %
+              (len(self.nodes[1].listtransactions()), len(self.nodes[1].listunspent()))))
        assert_equal(len(self.nodes[0].listunspent()), len(inputs))

 if __name__ == '__main__':
--- a/qa/hush/full_test_suite.py
+++ b/qa/hush/full_test_suite.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ def test_rpath_runpath(filename):
        [repofile('qa/hush/checksec.sh'), '--file', repofile(filename)]
    )
    if RE_RPATH_RUNPATH.search(output):
-        print('PASS: %s has no RPATH or RUNPATH.' % filename)
+        print(('PASS: %s has no RPATH or RUNPATH.' % filename))
        return True
    else:
-        print('FAIL: %s has an RPATH or a RUNPATH.' % filename)
+        print(('FAIL: %s has an RPATH or a RUNPATH.' % filename))
        print(output)
        return False

@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ def test_fortify_source(filename):
    line2 = proc.stdout.readline()
    proc.terminate()
    if RE_FORTIFY_AVAILABLE.search(line1) and RE_FORTIFY_USED.search(line2):
-        print('PASS: %s has FORTIFY_SOURCE.' % filename)
+        print(('PASS: %s has FORTIFY_SOURCE.' % filename))
        return True
    else:
-        print('FAIL: %s is missing FORTIFY_SOURCE.' % filename)
+        print(('FAIL: %s is missing FORTIFY_SOURCE.' % filename))
        return False

 def check_security_hardening():
@@ -105,18 +105,18 @@ def ensure_no_dot_so_in_depends():

        for lib in libraries:
            if lib.find(".so") != -1:
-                print lib
+                print(lib)
                exit_code = 1
    else:
        exit_code = 2
-        print "arch-specific build dir not present"
-        print "Did you build the ./depends tree?"
-        print "Are you on a currently unsupported architecture?"
+        print("arch-specific build dir not present")
+        print("Did you build the ./depends tree?")
+        print("Are you on a currently unsupported architecture?")

    if exit_code == 0:
-        print "PASS."
+        print("PASS.")
    else:
-        print "FAIL."
+        print("FAIL.")

    return exit_code == 0

@@ -160,9 +160,9 @@ STAGE_COMMANDS = {
 #

 def run_stage(stage):
-    print('Running stage %s' % stage)
-    print('=' * (len(stage) + 14))
-    print
+    print(('Running stage %s' % stage))
+    print(('=' * (len(stage) + 14)))
+    print()

    cmd = STAGE_COMMANDS[stage]
    if type(cmd) == type([]):
@@ -170,10 +170,10 @@ def run_stage(stage):
    else:
        ret = cmd()

-    print
-    print('-' * (len(stage) + 15))
-    print('Finished stage %s' % stage)
-    print
+    print()
+    print(('-' * (len(stage) + 15)))
+    print(('Finished stage %s' % stage))
+    print()

    return ret

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ def main():
    # Check validity of stages
    for s in args.stage:
        if s not in STAGES:
-            print("Invalid stage '%s' (choose from %s)" % (s, STAGES))
+            print(("Invalid stage '%s' (choose from %s)" % (s, STAGES)))
            sys.exit(1)

    # Run the stages
--- a/qa/release-reports/README.md
+++ b/qa/release-reports/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Release Test Reports
+
+This directory contains test reports for notable commits — releases, protocol
+activations, and validation milestones. These are committed to git as an
+auditable record that tests passed at specific points in the project history.
+
+## Generating a release report
+
+```bash
+# Default: names the file with chain-commit-timestamp
+./qa/run-tests.sh --save-release
+
+# With a tag (e.g. for a version release)
+./qa/run-tests.sh --save-release=v3.10.5
+
+# DragonX chain profile with a tag
+./qa/run-tests.sh --chain=dragonx --save-release=dragonx-activation
+
+# Live DragonX node validation with a tag
+./qa/run-tests.sh --live-dragonx --save-release=dragonx-live-v3.10.5
+```
+
+## Naming convention
+
+Reports are named: `{chain}-{tag}-{commit}.txt` or `{chain}-{commit}-{timestamp}.txt`
+
+Examples:
+- `hush3-v3.10.5-20aeebb.txt`
+- `dragonx-activation-20aeebb.txt`
+- `hush3-20aeebb-20260227_210000.txt`
+
+## When to commit a report
+
+- Before tagging a release
+- After enabling/activating a protocol change (e.g. RandomX validation)
+- After significant code changes to consensus, mining, or validation
+- When onboarding a new chain (e.g. DragonX support)
--- a/qa/release-reports/hush3-20aeebb83-20260227_222114.txt
+++ b/qa/release-reports/hush3-20aeebb83-20260227_222114.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+==============================================================================
+  HUSH3 Release Test Report
+  Chain: hush3 | Commit: 20aeebb83 | Branch: master
+  Generated: 2026-02-28 04:22:10 UTC
+==============================================================================
+
+  Total:   48
+  Passed:  41
+  Failed:  0
+  Skipped: 7
+
+---------- Results ----------
+
+  PASS   hushd binary exists                           /home/d/randomxValidationBug/hush3/src/hushd: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, BuildID[sha1]=b72c50a80fec950e823f85cd6dcfeda4579d1f2c, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, with debug_info, not stripped
+  PASS   hush-cli binary exists                        
+  PASS   hush-tx binary exists                         
+  PASS   hushd is native ELF binary                    
+  SKIP   hush-gtest binary exists                      not found (test binaries not built)
+  SKIP   test_bitcoin binary exists                    not found (test binaries not built)
+  PASS   PIE (Position Independent Executable)         
+  PASS   NX (non-executable stack)                     (no RWE found)
+  PASS   RELRO (relocation read-only)                  
+  PASS   Stack canary (__stack_chk_fail)               
+  SKIP   FORTIFY_SOURCE                                symbol not found (may still be enabled)
+  PASS   No RPATH/RUNPATH                              
+  SKIP   test_bitcoin (Boost unit tests)               binary not available
+  SKIP   hush-gtest (Google Test suite)                binary not available
+  SKIP   secp256k1 tests                               build error (see log) — cross-compiled tree?
+  PASS   univalue tests                                
+  PASS   RandomX chain launch                          PID=425864
+  PASS   RPC availability                              
+  PASS   Mine 40 RandomX blocks                        reached height 44
+  PASS   Block nSolution is 32 bytes (RandomX)         checked 4 blocks
+  PASS   Chain name matches                            RXTEST_20260227_222114
+  PASS   RandomX key rotation (past height 37)         chain valid through height 44
+  PASS   getinfo sanity check                          
+  PASS   Memory usage < 4GB                            2741MB RSS
+  PASS   getmininginfo responds                        
+  PASS   Address generation & validation               
+  PASS   No RandomX hash mismatches in log             valid=135
+  PASS   Graceful shutdown                             
+  SKIP   RPC integration tests                         HUSH3 regtest mining not functional (RandomX PoW)
+  PASS   CheckRandomXSolution() in pow.cpp             
+  PASS   CheckRandomXSolution() declared in pow.h      
+  PASS   block_processing.cpp calls CheckRandomXSolution 
+  PASS   hush_bitcoind.h calls CheckRandomXSolution    
+  PASS   CRandomXInput class in block.h                
+  PASS   ASSETCHAINS_RANDOMX_VALIDATION global         
+  PASS   Miner uses CRandomXInput serialization        
+  PASS   Miner skips self-validation (OOM fix)         
+  PASS   DragonX checkpoint data file exists           2853 lines
+  PASS   chainparams.cpp includes DragonX checkpoints  
+  PASS   DragonX seed nodes defined                    6 nodes
+  PASS   isdragonx chain detection                     
+  PASS   DragonX validation height (2838976)           
+  PASS   DragonX launch script (dragonxd)              
+  PASS   dragonxd has correct chain params             ac_name, ac_algo, ac_private verified
+  PASS   DragonX blocktime=36 in launch script         
+  PASS   DragonX halving=3500000 in launch script      
+  PASS   DragonX reward=300000000 in launch script     
+  PASS   DragonX uses hush-arrakis-chain wrapper       
+
+---------- Environment ----------
+
+  OS:       Linux 6.6.87.2-microsoft-standard-WSL2
+  Arch:     x86_64
+  GCC:      gcc (Ubuntu 11.4.0-1ubuntu1~22.04.3) 11.4.0
+  Python:   Python 3.10.12
+  Date:     2026-02-28 04:22:10 UTC
+
+==============================================================================
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/ac_private.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/ac_private.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 SuperNET developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def generate_random_string(length):
 class AssetChainPrivateTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing ac_private test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing ac_private test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        self.num_nodes = 1
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, self.num_nodes)

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class AssetChainPrivateTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        rpc.getwalletinfo()

        taddr = rpc.getnewaddress()
-        print "Sending to " + taddr
+        print(("Sending to " + taddr))
        # sending to arbitrary non-notary transparent address is not allowed
        assert_raises(JSONRPCException, rpc.sendtoaddress, taddr,1)

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/addressindex.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/addressindex.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2014-2015 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import binascii
 class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.sync_all()

    def run_test(self):
-        print "Mining blocks..."
+        print("Mining blocks...")
        self.nodes[0].generate(105)
        self.sync_all()

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(balance0["balance"], 0)

        # Check p2pkh and p2sh address indexes
-        print "Testing p2pkh and p2sh address index..."
+        print("Testing p2pkh and p2sh address index...")

        txid0 = self.nodes[0].sendtoaddress("mo9ncXisMeAoXwqcV5EWuyncbmCcQN4rVs", 10)
        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(txidsb[2], txidb2)

        # Check that limiting by height works
-        print "Testing querying txids by range of block heights.."
+        print("Testing querying txids by range of block heights..")
        height_txids = self.nodes[1].getaddresstxids({
            "addresses": ["2N2JD6wb56AfK4tfmM6PwdVmoYk2dCKf4Br"],
            "start": 105,
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(balance0["balance"], 45 * 100000000)

        # Check that outputs with the same address will only return one txid
-        print "Testing for txid uniqueness..."
+        print("Testing for txid uniqueness...")
        addressHash = "6349a418fc4578d10a372b54b45c280cc8c4382f".decode("hex")
        scriptPubKey = CScript([OP_HASH160, addressHash, OP_EQUAL])
        unspent = self.nodes[0].listunspent()
@@ -128,12 +128,12 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(txidsmany[3], sent_txid)

        # Check that balances are correct
-        print "Testing balances..."
+        print("Testing balances...")
        balance0 = self.nodes[1].getaddressbalance("2N2JD6wb56AfK4tfmM6PwdVmoYk2dCKf4Br")
        assert_equal(balance0["balance"], 45 * 100000000 + 21)

        # Check that balances are correct after spending
-        print "Testing balances after spending..."
+        print("Testing balances after spending...")
        privkey2 = "cSdkPxkAjA4HDr5VHgsebAPDEh9Gyub4HK8UJr2DFGGqKKy4K5sG"
        address2 = "mgY65WSfEmsyYaYPQaXhmXMeBhwp4EcsQW"
        addressHash2 = "0b2f0a0c31bfe0406b0ccc1381fdbe311946dadc".decode("hex")
@@ -186,13 +186,13 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(len(deltas), 1)

        # Check that unspent outputs can be queried
-        print "Testing utxos..."
+        print("Testing utxos...")
        utxos = self.nodes[1].getaddressutxos({"addresses": [address2]})
        assert_equal(len(utxos), 1)
        assert_equal(utxos[0]["satoshis"], change_amount)

        # Check that indexes will be updated with a reorg
-        print "Testing reorg..."
+        print("Testing reorg...")

        best_hash = self.nodes[0].getbestblockhash()
        self.nodes[0].invalidateblock(best_hash)
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(utxos3[2]["height"], 265)

        # Check mempool indexing
-        print "Testing mempool indexing..."
+        print("Testing mempool indexing...")

        privKey3 = "cVfUn53hAbRrDEuMexyfgDpZPhF7KqXpS8UZevsyTDaugB7HZ3CD"
        address3 = "mw4ynwhS7MmrQ27hr82kgqu7zryNDK26JB"
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(len(mempool_deltas), 2)

        # Include chaininfo in results
-        print "Testing results with chain info..."
+        print("Testing results with chain info...")

        deltas_with_info = self.nodes[1].getaddressdeltas({
            "addresses": [address2],
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ class AddressIndexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(utxos_with_info["height"], 267)
        assert_equal(utxos_with_info["hash"], expected_tip_block_hash)

-        print "Passed\n"
+        print("Passed\n")


 if __name__ == '__main__':
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/antispam.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/antispam.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/bip65-cltv-p2p.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/bip65-cltv-p2p.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from test_framework.blocktools import create_coinbase, create_block
 from test_framework.comptool import TestInstance, TestManager
 from test_framework.script import CScript, OP_1NEGATE, OP_NOP2, OP_DROP
 from binascii import unhexlify
-import cStringIO
+import io


 '''
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class BIP65Test(ComparisonTestFramework):
        rawtx = node.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs)
        signresult = node.signrawtransaction(rawtx)
        tx = CTransaction()
-        f = cStringIO.StringIO(unhexlify(signresult['hex']))
+        f = io.StringIO(unhexlify(signresult['hex']))
        tx.deserialize(f)
        return tx

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/bipdersig-p2p.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/bipdersig-p2p.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3/X11 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from test_framework.blocktools import create_coinbase, create_block
 from test_framework.comptool import TestInstance, TestManager
 from test_framework.script import CScript
 from binascii import unhexlify
-import cStringIO
+import io


 '''
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class BIP66Test(ComparisonTestFramework):
        rawtx = node.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs)
        signresult = node.signrawtransaction(rawtx)
        tx = CTransaction()
-        f = cStringIO.StringIO(unhexlify(signresult['hex']))
+        f = io.StringIO(unhexlify(signresult['hex']))
        tx.deserialize(f)
        return tx

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/blockchain.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/blockchain.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class BlockchainTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    """

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory " + self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory " + self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain(self.options.tmpdir)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ class BlockchainTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        node = self.nodes[0]
        res = node.gettxoutsetinfo()

-        assert_equal(res[u'total_amount'], decimal.Decimal('2181.25000000')) # 150*12.5 + 49*6.25
-        assert_equal(res[u'transactions'], 200)
-        assert_equal(res[u'height'], 200)
-        assert_equal(res[u'txouts'], 349) # 150*2 + 49
-        assert_equal(res[u'bytes_serialized'], 14951), # 32*199 + 48*90 + 49*60 + 27*49
-        assert_equal(len(res[u'bestblock']), 64)
-        assert_equal(len(res[u'hash_serialized']), 64)
+        assert_equal(res['total_amount'], decimal.Decimal('2181.25000000')) # 150*12.5 + 49*6.25
+        assert_equal(res['transactions'], 200)
+        assert_equal(res['height'], 200)
+        assert_equal(res['txouts'], 349) # 150*2 + 49
+        assert_equal(res['bytes_serialized'], 14951), # 32*199 + 48*90 + 49*60 + 27*49
+        assert_equal(len(res['bestblock']), 64)
+        assert_equal(len(res['hash_serialized']), 64)


 if __name__ == '__main__':
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/decodescript.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/decodescript.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2015 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ from test_framework.util import assert_equal, initialize_chain_clean, \
    start_nodes
 from test_framework.mininode import CTransaction
 from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
-from cStringIO import StringIO
+from io import StringIO


 class DecodeScriptTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    """Tests decoding scripts via RPC command "decodescript"."""

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print('Initializing test directory ' + self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(('Initializing test directory ' + self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 1)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ class DecodeScriptTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        # in fact, it contains an OP_RETURN with data specially crafted to cause improper decode if the code does not catch it.
        txSave.vin[0].scriptSig = unhexlify('6a143011020701010101010101020601010101010101')
        rpc_result = self.nodes[0].decoderawtransaction(hexlify(txSave.serialize()))
-        print(hexlify('636174'))
+        print((hexlify('636174')))
        assert_equal('OP_RETURN 3011020701010101010101020601010101010101', rpc_result['vin'][0]['scriptSig']['asm'])

    def run_test(self):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/disablewallet.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/disablewallet.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from test_framework.util import initialize_chain_clean, start_nodes
 class DisableWalletTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 1)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/dpowconfs.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/dpowconfs.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2019 Duke Leto who wrote "The SuperNET developers" while never agreeing to the developer agreement nor being listed in AUTHORS
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -11,20 +11,20 @@ import time
 class DPoWConfsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    def debug_info(self):
        rpc = self.nodes[0]
-        print "-- DEBUG --"
+        print("-- DEBUG --")
        getinfo               = rpc.getinfo()
        getwalletinfo         = rpc.getwalletinfo()
        listreceivedbyaddress = rpc.listreceivedbyaddress()
-        print "notarized=", getinfo['notarized'], " blocks=", getinfo['blocks']
+        print(("notarized=", getinfo['notarized'], " blocks=", getinfo['blocks']))
        #print "getinfo=", getinfo
-        print "balance=", getwalletinfo['balance']
+        print(("balance=", getwalletinfo['balance']))
        #print "getwalletinfo=", getwalletinfo
-        print "listreceivedbyaddress=", listreceivedbyaddress
-        print "-- DEBUG --"
+        print(("listreceivedbyaddress=", listreceivedbyaddress))
+        print("-- DEBUG --")

    def setup_chain(self):
        self.num_nodes = 1
-        print("Initializing DPoWconfs test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing DPoWconfs test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, self.num_nodes)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ class DPoWConfsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.debug_info()

        info = rpc.getinfo()
-        print "notarizedhash=", notarizedhash, "\n"
-        print "info[notarizedhash]", info['notarizedhash'], "\n"
+        print(("notarizedhash=", notarizedhash, "\n"))
+        print(("info[notarizedhash]", info['notarizedhash'], "\n"))
        assert_equal( info['notarizedhash'], notarizedhash)

        result = rpc.listunspent()
@@ -90,22 +90,22 @@ class DPoWConfsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.debug_info()
        minconf = 2
        result  = rpc.listreceivedbyaddress(minconf)
-        print "listreceivedbyaddress(2)=", result, "\n"
+        print(("listreceivedbyaddress(2)=", result, "\n"))

        # nothing is notarized, so we should see no results for minconf=2
        assert len(result) == 0

-        print "getreceivedaddress"
+        print("getreceivedaddress")
        received = rpc.getreceivedbyaddress(taddr, minconf)
        assert_equal( received, 0.00000000)

        #received = rpc.getreceivedbyaddress(taddr)
        #assert_equal( received, "5.55000000")
-	taddr = rpc.getnewaddress()
-	zaddr = rpc.z_getnewaddress()
-	# should get insufficient funds error
-	recipients = [ { "amount" : Decimal('4.20'), "address" : zaddr } ]
-	txid  = rpc.z_sendmany( taddr, recipients, minconf)
+        taddr = rpc.getnewaddress()
+        zaddr = rpc.z_getnewaddress()
+        # should get insufficient funds error
+        recipients = [ { "amount" : Decimal('4.20'), "address" : zaddr } ]
+        txid  = rpc.z_sendmany( taddr, recipients, minconf)

        # generate a notarized block, block 105 and block 106
        # only generating the notarized block seems to have
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ class DPoWConfsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

        getinfo = rpc.getinfo()
        # try to allow notarization data to update
-        print "Sleeping"
+        print("Sleeping")
        while (getinfo['blocks'] != 106) or (getinfo['notarized'] != 105):
-            printf(".")
+            print(".")
            time.sleep(1)
            getinfo = rpc.getinfo()

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class DPoWConfsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        #assert_equal(getinfo['notarizedhash'], txids[0])

        result = rpc.listreceivedbyaddress(minconf)
-        print "listreceivedbyaddress(2)=", result
+        print(("listreceivedbyaddress(2)=", result))

        assert_equal( len(result), 1,  'got one xtn with minconf=2' )

@@ -134,13 +134,13 @@ class DPoWConfsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_greater_than( result[0]['confirmations'], 1)
        assert_greater_than( result[0]['rawconfirmations'], 1)

-        print "listtransactions"
+        print("listtransactions")
        xtns = rpc.listtransactions()
        # verify this rpc agrees with listreceivedbyaddress
        assert_greater_than(xtns[0]['confirmations'], 1)
        assert_greater_than(xtns[0]['rawconfirmations'], 1)

-        print "getreceivedaddress"
+        print("getreceivedaddress")
        received = rpc.getreceivedbyaddress(taddr, minconf)
        assert_equal( "%.8f" % received, "5.55000000")

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/finalsaplingroot.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/finalsaplingroot.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ NULL_FIELD = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
 class FinalSaplingRootTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class FinalSaplingRootTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

        # Verify all generated blocks contain the empty root of the Sapling tree.
        blockcount = self.nodes[0].getblockcount()
-        for height in xrange(1, blockcount + 1):
+        for height in range(1, blockcount + 1):
            blk = self.nodes[0].getblock(str(height))
            assert_equal(blk["finalsaplingroot"], SAPLING_TREE_EMPTY_ROOT)

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/forknotify.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/forknotify.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/fundrawtransaction.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/fundrawtransaction.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 3)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.sync_all()

    def run_test(self):
-        print "Mining blocks..."
+        print("Mining blocks...")
        feeTolerance = Decimal(0.00000002) #if the fee's positive delta is higher than this value tests will fail, neg. delta always fail the tests

        self.nodes[2].generate(1)
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        matchingOuts = 0
        for i, out in enumerate(dec_tx['vout']):
            totalOut += out['value']
-            if outputs.has_key(out['scriptPubKey']['addresses'][0]):
+            if out['scriptPubKey']['addresses'][0] in outputs:
                matchingOuts+=1
            else:
                assert_equal(i, rawtxfund['changepos'])
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        matchingOuts = 0
        for out in dec_tx['vout']:
            totalOut += out['value']
-            if outputs.has_key(out['scriptPubKey']['addresses'][0]):
+            if out['scriptPubKey']['addresses'][0] in outputs:
                matchingOuts+=1

        assert_equal(matchingOuts, 1)
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        matchingOuts = 0
        for out in dec_tx['vout']:
            totalOut += out['value']
-            if outputs.has_key(out['scriptPubKey']['addresses'][0]):
+            if out['scriptPubKey']['addresses'][0] in outputs:
                matchingOuts+=1

        assert_equal(matchingOuts, 2)
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        errorString = ""
        try:
            rawtxfund = self.nodes[2].fundrawtransaction(rawtx)
-        except JSONRPCException,e:
+        except JSONRPCException as e:
            errorString = e.error['message']

        assert_equal("Insufficient" in errorString, True);
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/getblocktemplate.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/getblocktemplate.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2016 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class GetBlockTemplateTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    '''

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/getblocktemplate_longpoll.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/getblocktemplate_longpoll.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class GetBlockTemplateLPTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    '''

    def run_test(self):
-        print "Warning: this test will take about 70 seconds in the best case. Be patient."
+        print("Warning: this test will take about 70 seconds in the best case. Be patient.")
        self.nodes[0].generate(10)
        templat = self.nodes[0].getblocktemplate()
        longpollid = templat['longpollid']
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/getblocktemplate_proposals.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/getblocktemplate_proposals.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/getchaintips.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/getchaintips.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/hardforkdetection.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/hardforkdetection.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers

 #
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class HardForkDetectionTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        errorString = ""
        try:
            self.nodes[0].getbalance()
-        except JSONRPCException,e:
+        except JSONRPCException as e:
            errorString = e.error['message']

        assert_equal("Safe mode:" in errorString, True)
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/httpbasics.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/httpbasics.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ import base64
 try:
    import http.client as httplib
 except ImportError:
-    import httplib
+    import http.client
 try:
    import urllib.parse as urlparse
 except ImportError:
-    import urlparse
+    import urllib.parse

 class HTTPBasicsTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
    def setup_nodes(self):
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ class HTTPBasicsTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        #################################################
        # lowlevel check for http persistent connection #
        #################################################
-        url = urlparse.urlparse(self.nodes[0].url)
+        url = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.nodes[0].url)
        authpair = url.username + ':' + url.password
        headers = {"Authorization": "Basic " + base64.b64encode(authpair)}

-        conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(url.hostname, url.port)
+        conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(url.hostname, url.port)
        conn.connect()
        conn.request('POST', '/', '{"method": "getbestblockhash"}', headers)
        out1 = conn.getresponse().read()
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class HTTPBasicsTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        # same should be if we add keep-alive because this should be the std. behaviour
        headers = {"Authorization": "Basic " + base64.b64encode(authpair), "Connection": "keep-alive"}

-        conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(url.hostname, url.port)
+        conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(url.hostname, url.port)
        conn.connect()
        conn.request('POST', '/', '{"method": "getbestblockhash"}', headers)
        out1 = conn.getresponse().read()
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class HTTPBasicsTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        # now do the same with "Connection: close"
        headers = {"Authorization": "Basic " + base64.b64encode(authpair), "Connection":"close"}

-        conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(url.hostname, url.port)
+        conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(url.hostname, url.port)
        conn.connect()
        conn.request('POST', '/', '{"method": "getbestblockhash"}', headers)
        out1 = conn.getresponse().read()
@@ -75,22 +75,22 @@ class HTTPBasicsTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(conn.sock!=None, False) # now the connection must be closed after the response

        # node1 (2nd node) is running with disabled keep-alive option
-        urlNode1 = urlparse.urlparse(self.nodes[1].url)
+        urlNode1 = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.nodes[1].url)
        authpair = urlNode1.username + ':' + urlNode1.password
        headers = {"Authorization": "Basic " + base64.b64encode(authpair)}

-        conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(urlNode1.hostname, urlNode1.port)
+        conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(urlNode1.hostname, urlNode1.port)
        conn.connect()
        conn.request('POST', '/', '{"method": "getbestblockhash"}', headers)
        out1 = conn.getresponse().read()
        assert_equal('"error":null' in out1, True)

        # node2 (third node) is running with standard keep-alive parameters which means keep-alive is on
-        urlNode2 = urlparse.urlparse(self.nodes[2].url)
+        urlNode2 = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.nodes[2].url)
        authpair = urlNode2.username + ':' + urlNode2.password
        headers = {"Authorization": "Basic " + base64.b64encode(authpair)}

-        conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(urlNode2.hostname, urlNode2.port)
+        conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(urlNode2.hostname, urlNode2.port)
        conn.connect()
        conn.request('POST', '/', '{"method": "getbestblockhash"}', headers)
        out1 = conn.getresponse().read()
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/invalidateblock.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/invalidateblock.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import time

 class InvalidateTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 3)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -27,46 +27,46 @@ class InvalidateTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.nodes.append(start_node(2, self.options.tmpdir, ["-debug"]))

    def run_test(self):
-        print "Make sure we repopulate setBlockIndexCandidates after InvalidateBlock:"
-        print "Mine 4 blocks on Node 0"
+        print("Make sure we repopulate setBlockIndexCandidates after InvalidateBlock:")
+        print("Mine 4 blocks on Node 0")
        self.nodes[0].generate(4)
        assert(self.nodes[0].getblockcount() == 4)
        besthash = self.nodes[0].getbestblockhash()

-        print "Mine competing 6 blocks on Node 1"
+        print("Mine competing 6 blocks on Node 1")
        self.nodes[1].generate(6)
        assert(self.nodes[1].getblockcount() == 6)

-        print "Connect nodes to force a reorg"
+        print("Connect nodes to force a reorg")
        connect_nodes_bi(self.nodes,0,1)
        sync_blocks(self.nodes[0:2])
        assert(self.nodes[0].getblockcount() == 6)
        badhash = self.nodes[1].getblockhash(2)

-        print "Invalidate block 2 on node 0 and verify we reorg to node 0's original chain"
+        print("Invalidate block 2 on node 0 and verify we reorg to node 0's original chain")
        self.nodes[0].invalidateblock(badhash)
        newheight = self.nodes[0].getblockcount()
        newhash = self.nodes[0].getbestblockhash()
        if (newheight != 4 or newhash != besthash):
            raise AssertionError("Wrong tip for node0, hash %s, height %d"%(newhash,newheight))

-        print "\nMake sure we won't reorg to a lower work chain:"
+        print("\nMake sure we won't reorg to a lower work chain:")
        connect_nodes_bi(self.nodes,1,2)
-        print "Sync node 2 to node 1 so both have 6 blocks"
+        print("Sync node 2 to node 1 so both have 6 blocks")
        sync_blocks(self.nodes[1:3])
        assert(self.nodes[2].getblockcount() == 6)
-        print "Invalidate block 5 on node 1 so its tip is now at 4"
+        print("Invalidate block 5 on node 1 so its tip is now at 4")
        self.nodes[1].invalidateblock(self.nodes[1].getblockhash(5))
        assert(self.nodes[1].getblockcount() == 4)
-        print "Invalidate block 3 on node 2, so its tip is now 2"
+        print("Invalidate block 3 on node 2, so its tip is now 2")
        self.nodes[2].invalidateblock(self.nodes[2].getblockhash(3))
        assert(self.nodes[2].getblockcount() == 2)
-        print "..and then mine a block"
+        print("..and then mine a block")
        self.nodes[2].generate(1)
-        print "Verify all nodes are at the right height"
+        print("Verify all nodes are at the right height")
        time.sleep(5)
-        for i in xrange(3):
-            print i,self.nodes[i].getblockcount()
+        for i in range(3):
+            print((i,self.nodes[i].getblockcount()))
        assert(self.nodes[2].getblockcount() == 3)
        assert(self.nodes[0].getblockcount() == 4)
        node1height = self.nodes[1].getblockcount()
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/invalidblockrequest.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/invalidblockrequest.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 #
 # Distributed under the GPLv3/X11 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class InvalidBlockRequestTest(ComparisonTestFramework):
        Now we need that block to mature so we can spend the coinbase.
        '''
        test = TestInstance(sync_every_block=False)
-        for i in xrange(100):
+        for i in range(100):
            block = create_block(self.tip, create_coinbase(), self.block_time)
            block.solve()
            self.tip = block.sha256
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/ivk_import_export.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/ivk_import_export.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2019 Bartlomiej Lisiecki
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html

 from decimal import Decimal
+from functools import reduce
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import assert_equal, assert_greater_than, start_nodes,\
    initialize_chain_clean, connect_nodes_bi, wait_and_assert_operationid_status
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ fee = Decimal('0.0001') # constant (but can be changed within reason)
 class IVKImportExportTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -49,13 +50,9 @@ class IVKImportExportTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        def verify_utxos(node, amts, zaddr):
            amts.sort(reverse=True)
            txs = node.z_listreceivedbyaddress(zaddr)
-
-            def cmp_confirmations_high_to_low(a, b):
-                return cmp(b["amount"], a["amount"])
-
-            txs.sort(cmp_confirmations_high_to_low)
-            print("Sorted txs", txs)
-            print("amts", amts)
+            txs.sort(key=lambda x: x["amount"], reverse=True)
+            print(("Sorted txs", txs))
+            print(("amts", amts))

            try:
                assert_equal(amts, [tx["amount"] for tx in txs])
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/key_import_export.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/key_import_export.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2017 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html

 from decimal import Decimal
+from functools import reduce
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import assert_equal, assert_greater_than, start_nodes, initialize_chain_clean, connect_nodes_bi

@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ logging.basicConfig(format='%(levelname)s:%(message)s', level=logging.INFO)
 class KeyImportExportTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -39,11 +40,7 @@ class KeyImportExportTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

        def verify_utxos(node, amounts):
            utxos = node.listunspent(1, 10**9, [addr])
-
-            def cmp_confirmations_high_to_low(a, b):
-                return cmp(b["confirmations"], a["confirmations"])
-
-            utxos.sort(cmp_confirmations_high_to_low)
+            utxos.sort(key=lambda x: x["confirmations"], reverse=True)

            try:
                assert_equal(amounts, [utxo["amount"] for utxo in utxos])
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/keypool.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/keypool.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def run_test(nodes, tmpdir):
    try:
        addr = nodes[0].getnewaddress()
        raise AssertionError('Keypool should be exhausted after one address')
-    except JSONRPCException,e:
+    except JSONRPCException as e:
        assert(e.error['code']==-12)

    # put three new keys in the keypool
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def run_test(nodes, tmpdir):
    try:
        addr = nodes[0].getrawchangeaddress()
        raise AssertionError('Keypool should be exhausted after three addresses')
-    except JSONRPCException,e:
+    except JSONRPCException as e:
        assert(e.error['code']==-12)


@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def main():
    success = False
    nodes = []
    try:
-        print("Initializing test directory "+options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+options.tmpdir))
        if not os.path.isdir(options.tmpdir):
            os.makedirs(options.tmpdir)
        initialize_chain(options.tmpdir)
@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ def main():
        success = True

    except AssertionError as e:
-        print("Assertion failed: "+e.message)
+        print(("Assertion failed: "+e.message))
    except JSONRPCException as e:
-        print("JSONRPC error: "+e.error['message'])
+        print(("JSONRPC error: "+e.error['message']))
        traceback.print_tb(sys.exc_info()[2])
    except Exception as e:
-        print("Unexpected exception caught during testing: "+str(sys.exc_info()[0]))
+        print(("Unexpected exception caught during testing: "+str(sys.exc_info()[0])))
        traceback.print_tb(sys.exc_info()[2])

    if not options.nocleanup:
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/listtransactions.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/listtransactions.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/maxblocksinflight.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/maxblocksinflight.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 #
 # Distributed under the GPLv3/X11 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ class TestManager(NodeConnCB):
                            raise AssertionError("Error, test failed: block %064x requested more than once" % key)
                if total_requests > MAX_REQUESTS:
                    raise AssertionError("Error, too many blocks (%d) requested" % total_requests)
-                print "Round %d: success (total requests: %d)" % (count, total_requests)
+                print(("Round %d: success (total requests: %d)" % (count, total_requests)))
        except AssertionError as e:
-            print "TEST FAILED: ", e.args
+            print(("TEST FAILED: ", e.args))

        self.disconnectOkay = True
        self.connection.disconnect_node()
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class MaxBlocksInFlightTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                          help="Binary to test max block requests behavior")

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print "Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 1)

    def setup_network(self):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_nu_activation.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_nu_activation.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class MempoolUpgradeActivationTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.sync_all

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print "Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 2)

    def run_test(self):
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class MempoolUpgradeActivationTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        node0_zaddr = self.nodes[0].z_getnewaddress()
        recipients = [{'address': node0_zaddr, 'amount': Decimal('10')}]
        myopid = self.nodes[1].z_sendmany(node1_taddr, recipients, 1, Decimal('0'))
-        print wait_and_assert_operationid_status(self.nodes[1], myopid)
+        print((wait_and_assert_operationid_status(self.nodes[1], myopid)))
        self.sync_all()

        # Mempool checks for activation of upgrade Y at height H on base X
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_reorg.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_reorg.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_resurrect_test.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_resurrect_test.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_spendcoinbase.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_spendcoinbase.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_tx_expiry.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_tx_expiry.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ class MempoolTxExpiryTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.nodes[0].generate(6)
        self.sync_all()

-        print "Splitting network..."
+        print("Splitting network...")
        self.split_network()

        # When Overwinter is activated, test dependent txs
        firstTx = self.nodes[0].sendtoaddress(alice, 0.1)
        firstTxInfo = self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(firstTx, 1)
-        print "First tx expiry height:", firstTxInfo['expiryheight']
+        print(("First tx expiry height:", firstTxInfo['expiryheight']))
        # Mine first transaction
        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
        for outpoint in firstTxInfo['vout']:
@@ -57,19 +57,19 @@ class MempoolTxExpiryTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert(rawTxSigned['complete'])
        secondTx = self.nodes[0].sendrawtransaction(rawTxSigned['hex'])
        secondTxInfo = self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(secondTx, 1)
-        print "Second tx expiry height:", secondTxInfo['expiryheight']
+        print(("Second tx expiry height:", secondTxInfo['expiryheight']))
        # Mine second, dependent transaction
        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
-        print "Mine 6 competing blocks on Node 2..."
+        print("Mine 6 competing blocks on Node 2...")
        blocks = self.nodes[2].generate(6)
-        print "Connect nodes to force a reorg"
+        print("Connect nodes to force a reorg")
        connect_nodes_bi(self.nodes,0,2)
        self.is_network_split = False
-        print "Syncing blocks"
+        print("Syncing blocks")
        sync_blocks(self.nodes)
-        print "Ensure that both txs are dropped from mempool of node 0"
-        print "Blockheight node 0:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Blockheight node 2:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
+        print("Ensure that both txs are dropped from mempool of node 0")
+        print(("Blockheight node 0:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Blockheight node 2:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()), set())
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()), set())

@@ -81,10 +81,10 @@ class MempoolTxExpiryTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

        # Get balance on node 0
        bal = self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
-        print "Balance before zsend, after shielding 10: ", bal
+        print(("Balance before zsend, after shielding 10: ", bal))
        assert_equal(Decimal(bal["private"]), Decimal("9.9999"))

-        print "Splitting network..."
+        print("Splitting network...")
        self.split_network()

        # Create transactions
@@ -100,121 +100,121 @@ class MempoolTxExpiryTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        assert_equal(rawtx["version"], 3)
        assert_equal(rawtx["overwintered"], True)
        assert_equal(rawtx["expiryheight"], blockheight + 5)
-        print "Blockheight at persist_transparent & persist_shielded creation:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Expiryheight of persist_transparent:", rawtx['expiryheight']
+        print(("Blockheight at persist_transparent & persist_shielded creation:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Expiryheight of persist_transparent:", rawtx['expiryheight']))
        # Verify shielded transaction is version 3 intended for Overwinter branch
        rawtx = self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(persist_shielded, 1)
-        print "Expiryheight of persist_shielded", rawtx['expiryheight']
+        print(("Expiryheight of persist_shielded", rawtx['expiryheight']))
        assert_equal(rawtx["version"], 3)
        assert_equal(rawtx["overwintered"], True)
        assert_equal(rawtx["expiryheight"], blockheight + 5)

-        print "\n Blockheight advances to less than expiry block height. After reorg, txs should persist in mempool"
+        print("\n Blockheight advances to less than expiry block height. After reorg, txs should persist in mempool")
        assert(persist_transparent in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        assert(persist_shielded in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()), set())
-        print "mempool node 0:", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()
-        print "mempool node 2:", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()
+        print(("mempool node 0:", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()))
+        print(("mempool node 2:", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()))
        bal = self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
-        print "Printing balance before persist_shielded & persist_transparent are initially mined from mempool", bal
+        print(("Printing balance before persist_shielded & persist_transparent are initially mined from mempool", bal))
        # Txs are mined on node 0; will later be rolled back
        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
-        print "Node 0 generated 1 block"
-        print "Node 0 height:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Node 2 height:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
+        print("Node 0 generated 1 block")
+        print(("Node 0 height:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Node 2 height:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
        bal = self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
-        print "Printing balance after persist_shielded & persist_transparent are mined:", bal
+        print(("Printing balance after persist_shielded & persist_transparent are mined:", bal))
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()), set())

-        print "Mine 2 competing blocks on Node 2..."
+        print("Mine 2 competing blocks on Node 2...")
        blocks = self.nodes[2].generate(2)
        for block in blocks:
            blk = self.nodes[2].getblock(block)
-            print "Height: {0}, Mined block txs: {1}".format(blk["height"], blk["tx"])
-        print "Connect nodes to force a reorg"
+            print(("Height: {0}, Mined block txs: {1}".format(blk["height"], blk["tx"])))
+        print("Connect nodes to force a reorg")
        connect_nodes_bi(self.nodes,0,2)
        self.is_network_split = False

-        print "Syncing blocks"
+        print("Syncing blocks")
        sync_blocks(self.nodes)

-        print "Ensure that txs are back in mempool of node 0"
-        print "Blockheight node 0:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Blockheight node 2:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "mempool node 0: ", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()
-        print "mempool node 2: ", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()
+        print("Ensure that txs are back in mempool of node 0")
+        print(("Blockheight node 0:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Blockheight node 2:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("mempool node 0: ", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()))
+        print(("mempool node 2: ", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()))
        assert(persist_transparent in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        assert(persist_shielded in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        bal = self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
        # Mine txs to get them out of the way of mempool sync in split_network()
-        print "Generating another block on node 0 to clear txs from mempool"
+        print("Generating another block on node 0 to clear txs from mempool")
        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()), set())
        sync_blocks(self.nodes)

-        print "Splitting network..."
+        print("Splitting network...")
        self.split_network()

-        print "\n Blockheight advances to equal expiry block height. After reorg, txs should persist in mempool"
+        print("\n Blockheight advances to equal expiry block height. After reorg, txs should persist in mempool")
        myopid = self.nodes[0].z_sendmany(z_alice, recipients)
        persist_shielded_2 = wait_and_assert_operationid_status(self.nodes[0], myopid)
        persist_transparent_2 = self.nodes[0].sendtoaddress(bob, 0.01)
        rawtx_trans = self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(persist_transparent_2, 1)
        rawtx_shield = self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(persist_shielded_2, 1)
-        print "Blockheight node 0 at persist_transparent_2 creation:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Blockheight node 2 at persist_transparent_2 creation:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Expiryheight of persist_transparent_2:", rawtx_trans['expiryheight']
-        print "Expiryheight of persist_shielded_2:", rawtx_shield['expiryheight']
+        print(("Blockheight node 0 at persist_transparent_2 creation:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Blockheight node 2 at persist_transparent_2 creation:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Expiryheight of persist_transparent_2:", rawtx_trans['expiryheight']))
+        print(("Expiryheight of persist_shielded_2:", rawtx_shield['expiryheight']))
        blocks = self.nodes[2].generate(4)
        for block in blocks:
            blk = self.nodes[2].getblock(block)
-            print "Height: {0}, Mined block txs: {1}".format(blk["height"], blk["tx"])
-        print "Connect nodes to force a reorg"
+            print(("Height: {0}, Mined block txs: {1}".format(blk["height"], blk["tx"])))
+        print("Connect nodes to force a reorg")
        connect_nodes_bi(self.nodes, 0, 2)
        self.is_network_split = False
        sync_blocks(self.nodes)
-        print "Ensure that persist_transparent_2 & persist_shielded_2 are in mempool at expiry block height"
-        print "Blockheight node 0:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Blockheight node 2:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "mempool node 0: ", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()
-        print "mempool node 2: ", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()
+        print("Ensure that persist_transparent_2 & persist_shielded_2 are in mempool at expiry block height")
+        print(("Blockheight node 0:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Blockheight node 2:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("mempool node 0: ", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()))
+        print(("mempool node 2: ", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()))
        assert(persist_transparent_2 in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        assert(persist_shielded_2 in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        # Mine persist txs to get them out of the way of mempool sync in split_network()
        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()), set())
        sync_blocks(self.nodes)
-        print "Balance after persist_shielded_2 is mined to remove from mempool: ", self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
+        print(("Balance after persist_shielded_2 is mined to remove from mempool: ", self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()))

-        print "Splitting network..."
+        print("Splitting network...")
        self.split_network()

-        print "\n Blockheight advances to greater than expiry block height. After reorg, txs should expire from mempool"
-        print "Balance before expire_shielded is sent: ", self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
+        print("\n Blockheight advances to greater than expiry block height. After reorg, txs should expire from mempool")
+        print(("Balance before expire_shielded is sent: ", self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()))
        myopid = self.nodes[0].z_sendmany(z_alice, recipients)
        expire_shielded = wait_and_assert_operationid_status(self.nodes[0], myopid)
        expire_transparent = self.nodes[0].sendtoaddress(bob, 0.01)
-        print "Blockheight node 0 at expire_transparent creation:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Blockheight node 2 at expire_shielded creation:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']
-        print "Expiryheight of expire_transparent:", self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(expire_transparent, 1)['expiryheight']
-        print "Expiryheight of expire_shielded:", self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(expire_shielded, 1)['expiryheight']
+        print(("Blockheight node 0 at expire_transparent creation:", self.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Blockheight node 2 at expire_shielded creation:", self.nodes[2].getblockchaininfo()['blocks']))
+        print(("Expiryheight of expire_transparent:", self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(expire_transparent, 1)['expiryheight']))
+        print(("Expiryheight of expire_shielded:", self.nodes[0].getrawtransaction(expire_shielded, 1)['expiryheight']))
        assert(expire_transparent in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        assert(expire_shielded in self.nodes[0].getrawmempool())
        blocks = self.nodes[2].generate(6)
        for block in blocks:
            blk = self.nodes[2].getblock(block)
-            print "Height: {0}, Mined block txs: {1}".format(blk["height"], blk["tx"])
-        print "Connect nodes to force a reorg"
+            print(("Height: {0}, Mined block txs: {1}".format(blk["height"], blk["tx"])))
+        print("Connect nodes to force a reorg")
        connect_nodes_bi(self.nodes, 0, 2)
        self.is_network_split = False
        sync_blocks(self.nodes)
-        print "Ensure that expire_transparent & expire_shielded are in mempool at expiry block height"
-        print "mempool node 0: ", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()
-        print "mempool node 2: ", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()
+        print("Ensure that expire_transparent & expire_shielded are in mempool at expiry block height")
+        print(("mempool node 0: ", self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()))
+        print(("mempool node 2: ", self.nodes[2].getrawmempool()))
        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[0].getrawmempool()), set())
-        print "Ensure balance of node 0 is correct"
+        print("Ensure balance of node 0 is correct")
        bal = self.nodes[0].z_gettotalbalance()
-        print "Balance after expire_shielded has expired: ", bal
+        print(("Balance after expire_shielded has expired: ", bal))
        assert_equal(Decimal(bal["private"]), Decimal("7.9999"))


--- a/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_tx_input_limit.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/mempool_tx_input_limit.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2017 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class MempoolTxInputLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.sync_all

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print "Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 2)

    def call_z_sendmany(self, from_addr, to_addr, amount):
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ class MempoolTxInputLimitTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        try:
            self.nodes[1].sendfrom("", node0_taddr, spend_taddr_amount - Decimal('1'))
            assert(False)
-        except JSONRPCException,e:
+        except JSONRPCException as e:
            msg = e.error['message']
            assert_equal("Too many transparent inputs 3 > limit 2", msg)

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/merkle_blocks.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/merkle_blocks.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from test_framework.util import assert_equal, assert_raises, \
 class MerkleBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class MerkleBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.sync_all()

    def run_test(self):
-        print "Mining blocks..."
+        print("Mining blocks...")
        self.nodes[0].generate(105)
        self.sync_all()

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/nodehandling.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/nodehandling.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import time
 try:
    import urllib.parse as urlparse
 except ImportError:
-    import urlparse
+    import urllib.parse

 class NodeHandlingTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
    def run_test(self):
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class NodeHandlingTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        ###########################
        # RPC disconnectnode test #
        ###########################
-        url = urlparse.urlparse(self.nodes[1].url)
+        url = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.nodes[1].url)
        self.nodes[0].disconnectnode(url.hostname+":"+str(p2p_port(1)))
        time.sleep(2) #disconnecting a node needs a little bit of time
        for node in self.nodes[0].getpeerinfo():
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/nspv_client_test.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/nspv_client_test.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class TestNspvClient(unittest.TestCase):
        self.assertEqual(result["result"], "success")
        self.assertEqual(result["retcode"], 1)
        self.assertEqual(result["expected"], result["broadcast"])
-        print("Broadcast txid: " + result["broadcast"])
+        print(("Broadcast txid: " + result["broadcast"]))
        time.sleep(1)

    def test_nspv_logout(self):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/p2p-acceptblock.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/p2p-acceptblock.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 #
 # Distributed under the GPLv3/X11 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        # This should be accepted.
        blocks_h2 = []  # the height 2 blocks on each node's chain
        block_time = time.time() + 1
-        for i in xrange(2):
+        for i in range(2):
            blocks_h2.append(create_block(tips[i], create_coinbase(), block_time))
            blocks_h2[i].solve()
            block_time += 1
@@ -168,11 +168,11 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        [ x.sync_with_ping() for x in [test_node, white_node] ]
        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getblockcount(), 2)
        assert_equal(self.nodes[1].getblockcount(), 2)
-        print "First height 2 block accepted by both nodes"
+        print("First height 2 block accepted by both nodes")

        # 3. Send another block that builds on the original tip.
        blocks_h2f = []  # Blocks at height 2 that fork off the main chain
-        for i in xrange(2):
+        for i in range(2):
            blocks_h2f.append(create_block(tips[i], create_coinbase(), blocks_h2[i].nTime+1))
            blocks_h2f[i].solve()
        test_node.send_message(msg_block(blocks_h2f[0]))
@@ -187,11 +187,11 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
            if x['hash'] == blocks_h2f[1].hash:
                assert_equal(x['status'], "valid-headers")

-        print "Second height 2 block accepted only from allowlisted peer"
+        print("Second height 2 block accepted only from allowlisted peer")

        # 4. Now send another block that builds on the forking chain.
        blocks_h3 = []
-        for i in xrange(2):
+        for i in range(2):
            blocks_h3.append(create_block(blocks_h2f[i].sha256, create_coinbase(), blocks_h2f[i].nTime+1))
            blocks_h3[i].solve()
        test_node.send_message(msg_block(blocks_h3[0]))
@@ -207,13 +207,13 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        # But this block should be accepted by node0 since it has more work.
        try:
            self.nodes[0].getblock(blocks_h3[0].hash)
-            print "Unrequested more-work block accepted from non-allowlisted peer"
+            print("Unrequested more-work block accepted from non-allowlisted peer")
        except:
            raise AssertionError("Unrequested more work block was not processed")

        # Node1 should have accepted and reorged.
        assert_equal(self.nodes[1].getblockcount(), 3)
-        print "Successfully reorged to length 3 chain from allowlisted peer"
+        print("Successfully reorged to length 3 chain from allowlisted peer")

        # 4b. Now mine 288 more blocks and deliver; all should be processed but
        # the last (height-too-high) on node0.  Node1 should process the tip if
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        tips = blocks_h3
        headers_message = msg_headers()
        all_blocks = []   # node0's blocks
-        for j in xrange(2):
-            for i in xrange(288):
+        for j in range(2):
+            for i in range(288):
                next_block = create_block(tips[j].sha256, create_coinbase(), tips[j].nTime+1)
                next_block.solve()
                if j==0:
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
                    raise AssertionError("Unrequested block too far-ahead should have been ignored")
            except:
                if x == all_blocks[287]:
-                    print "Unrequested block too far-ahead not processed"
+                    print("Unrequested block too far-ahead not processed")
                else:
                    raise AssertionError("Unrequested block with more work should have been accepted")

@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        try:
            white_node.sync_with_ping()
            self.nodes[1].getblock(tips[1].hash)
-            print "Unrequested block far ahead of tip accepted from allowlisted peer"
+            print("Unrequested block far ahead of tip accepted from allowlisted peer")
        except:
            raise AssertionError("Unrequested block from allowlisted peer not accepted")

@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        # a getdata request for this block.
        test_node.sync_with_ping()
        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getblockcount(), 2)
-        print "Unrequested block that would complete more-work chain was ignored"
+        print("Unrequested block that would complete more-work chain was ignored")

        # 6. Try to get node to request the missing block.
        # Poke the node with an inv for block at height 3 and see if that
@@ -282,14 +282,14 @@ class AcceptBlockTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

        # Check that the getdata includes the right block
        assert_equal(getdata.inv[0].hash, blocks_h2f[0].sha256)
-        print "Inv at tip triggered getdata for unprocessed block"
+        print("Inv at tip triggered getdata for unprocessed block")

        # 7. Send the missing block for the third time (now it is requested)
        test_node.send_message(msg_block(blocks_h2f[0]))

        test_node.sync_with_ping()
        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getblockcount(), 290)
-        print "Successfully reorged to longer chain from non-allowlisted peer"
+        print("Successfully reorged to longer chain from non-allowlisted peer")

        [ c.disconnect_node() for c in connections ]

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/p2p_node_bloom.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/p2p_node_bloom.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class TestNode(NodeConnCB):
 class NodeBloomTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print "Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 2)

    def setup_network(self):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/p2p_txexpiry_dos.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/p2p_txexpiry_dos.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import initialize_chain_clean, start_nodes, \
    p2p_port, assert_equal

-import time, cStringIO
+import time, io
 from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify


@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class TestNode(NodeConnCB):
 class TxExpiryDoSTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print "Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 1)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ class TxExpiryDoSTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        tx = CTransaction()

        if txModifier:
-            f = cStringIO.StringIO(unhexlify(rawtx))
+            f = io.StringIO(unhexlify(rawtx))
            tx.deserialize(f)
            txModifier(tx)
            rawtx = hexlify(tx.serialize())

        signresult = node.signrawtransaction(rawtx)
-        f = cStringIO.StringIO(unhexlify(signresult['hex']))
+        f = io.StringIO(unhexlify(signresult['hex']))
        tx.deserialize(f)
        return tx

--- a/qa/rpc-tests/prioritisetransaction.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/prioritisetransaction.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2017 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import time
 class PrioritiseTransactionTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 4)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class PrioritiseTransactionTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
    def run_test (self):
        # tx priority is calculated: priority = sum(input_value_in_base_units * input_age)/size_in_bytes

-        print "Mining 11kb blocks..."
+        print("Mining 11kb blocks...")
        self.nodes[0].generate(501)

        base_fee = self.nodes[0].getnetworkinfo()['relayfee']
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/proxy_test.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/proxy_test.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2015 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/pruning.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/pruning.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

        # create one script_pubkey
        script_pubkey = "6a4d0200" #OP_RETURN OP_PUSH2 512 bytes
-        for i in xrange (512):
+        for i in range (512):
            script_pubkey = script_pubkey + "01"
        # concatenate 128 txouts of above script_pubkey which we'll insert before the txout for change
        self.txouts = "81"
-        for k in xrange(128):
+        for k in range(128):
            # add txout value
            self.txouts = self.txouts + "0000000000000000"
            # add length of script_pubkey
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):


    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 3)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        sync_blocks(self.nodes[0:2])
        self.nodes[0].generate(150)
        # Then mine enough full blocks to create more than 550MB of data
-        for i in xrange(645):
+        for i in range(645):
            self.mine_full_block(self.nodes[0], self.address[0])

        sync_blocks(self.nodes[0:3])
@@ -88,11 +88,11 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    def test_height_min(self):
        if not os.path.isfile(self.prunedir+"blk00000.dat"):
            raise AssertionError("blk00000.dat is missing, pruning too early")
-        print "Success"
-        print "Though we're already using more than 550MB, current usage:", calc_usage(self.prunedir)
-        print "Mining 25 more blocks should cause the first block file to be pruned"
+        print("Success")
+        print(("Though we're already using more than 550MB, current usage:", calc_usage(self.prunedir)))
+        print("Mining 25 more blocks should cause the first block file to be pruned")
        # Pruning doesn't run until we're allocating another chunk, 20 full blocks past the height cutoff will ensure this
-        for i in xrange(25):
+        for i in range(25):
            self.mine_full_block(self.nodes[0],self.address[0])

        waitstart = time.time()
@@ -101,17 +101,17 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
            if time.time() - waitstart > 10:
                raise AssertionError("blk00000.dat not pruned when it should be")

-        print "Success"
+        print("Success")
        usage = calc_usage(self.prunedir)
-        print "Usage should be below target:", usage
+        print(("Usage should be below target:", usage))
        if (usage > 550):
            raise AssertionError("Pruning target not being met")

    def create_chain_with_staleblocks(self):
        # Create stale blocks in manageable sized chunks
-        print "Mine 24 (stale) blocks on Node 1, followed by 25 (main chain) block reorg from Node 0, for 12 rounds"
+        print("Mine 24 (stale) blocks on Node 1, followed by 25 (main chain) block reorg from Node 0, for 12 rounds")

-        for j in xrange(12):
+        for j in range(12):
            # Disconnect node 0 so it can mine a longer reorg chain without knowing about node 1's soon-to-be-stale chain
            # Node 2 stays connected, so it hears about the stale blocks and then reorg's when node0 reconnects
            # Stopping node 0 also clears its mempool, so it doesn't have node1's transactions to accidentally mine
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
            self.nodes[0]=start_node(0, self.options.tmpdir, ["-debug","-maxreceivebuffer=20000","-blockmaxsize=999000", "-checkblocks=5"], timewait=900)
            # Mine 24 blocks in node 1
            self.utxo = self.nodes[1].listunspent()
-            for i in xrange(24):
+            for i in range(24):
                if j == 0:
                    self.mine_full_block(self.nodes[1],self.address[1])
                else:
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

            # Reorg back with 25 block chain from node 0
            self.utxo = self.nodes[0].listunspent()
-            for i in xrange(25): 
+            for i in range(25): 
                self.mine_full_block(self.nodes[0],self.address[0])

            # Create connections in the order so both nodes can see the reorg at the same time
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
            connect_nodes(self.nodes[2], 0)
            sync_blocks(self.nodes[0:3])

-        print "Usage can be over target because of high stale rate:", calc_usage(self.prunedir)
+        print(("Usage can be over target because of high stale rate:", calc_usage(self.prunedir)))

    def reorg_test(self):
        # Node 1 will mine a 300 block chain starting 287 blocks back from Node 0 and Node 2's tip
@@ -146,11 +146,11 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.nodes[1]=start_node(1, self.options.tmpdir, ["-debug","-maxreceivebuffer=20000","-blockmaxsize=5000", "-checkblocks=5", "-disablesafemode"], timewait=900)

        height = self.nodes[1].getblockcount()
-        print "Current block height:", height
+        print(("Current block height:", height))

        invalidheight = height-287
        badhash = self.nodes[1].getblockhash(invalidheight)
-        print "Invalidating block at height:",invalidheight,badhash
+        print(("Invalidating block at height:",invalidheight,badhash))
        self.nodes[1].invalidateblock(badhash)

        # We've now switched to our previously mined-24 block fork on node 1, but thats not what we want
@@ -162,29 +162,29 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
            curhash = self.nodes[1].getblockhash(invalidheight - 1)

        assert(self.nodes[1].getblockcount() == invalidheight - 1)
-        print "New best height", self.nodes[1].getblockcount()
+        print(("New best height", self.nodes[1].getblockcount()))

        # Reboot node1 to clear those giant tx's from mempool
        stop_node(self.nodes[1],1)
        self.nodes[1]=start_node(1, self.options.tmpdir, ["-debug","-maxreceivebuffer=20000","-blockmaxsize=5000", "-checkblocks=5", "-disablesafemode"], timewait=900)

-        print "Generating new longer chain of 300 more blocks"
+        print("Generating new longer chain of 300 more blocks")
        self.nodes[1].generate(300)

-        print "Reconnect nodes"
+        print("Reconnect nodes")
        connect_nodes(self.nodes[0], 1)
        connect_nodes(self.nodes[2], 1)
        sync_blocks(self.nodes[0:3])

-        print "Verify height on node 2:",self.nodes[2].getblockcount()
-        print "Usage possibly still high bc of stale blocks in block files:", calc_usage(self.prunedir)
+        print(("Verify height on node 2:",self.nodes[2].getblockcount()))
+        print(("Usage possibly still high bc of stale blocks in block files:", calc_usage(self.prunedir)))

-        print "Mine 220 more blocks so we have requisite history (some blocks will be big and cause pruning of previous chain)"
+        print("Mine 220 more blocks so we have requisite history (some blocks will be big and cause pruning of previous chain)")
        self.nodes[0].generate(220) #node 0 has many large tx's in its mempool from the disconnects
        sync_blocks(self.nodes[0:3])

        usage = calc_usage(self.prunedir)
-        print "Usage should be below target:", usage
+        print(("Usage should be below target:", usage))
        if (usage > 550):
            raise AssertionError("Pruning target not being met")

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
            self.nodes[2].getblock(self.forkhash)
            raise AssertionError("Old block wasn't pruned so can't test redownload")
        except JSONRPCException:
-            print "Will need to redownload block",self.forkheight
+            print(("Will need to redownload block",self.forkheight))

        # Verify that we have enough history to reorg back to the fork point
        # Although this is more than 288 blocks, because this chain was written more recently
@@ -220,14 +220,14 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        # At this point node 2 is within 288 blocks of the fork point so it will preserve its ability to reorg
        if self.nodes[2].getblockcount() < self.mainchainheight:
            blocks_to_mine = first_reorg_height + 1 - self.mainchainheight
-            print "Rewind node 0 to prev main chain to mine longer chain to trigger redownload. Blocks needed:", blocks_to_mine
+            print(("Rewind node 0 to prev main chain to mine longer chain to trigger redownload. Blocks needed:", blocks_to_mine))
            self.nodes[0].invalidateblock(curchainhash)
            assert(self.nodes[0].getblockcount() == self.mainchainheight)
            assert(self.nodes[0].getbestblockhash() == self.mainchainhash2)
            goalbesthash = self.nodes[0].generate(blocks_to_mine)[-1]
            goalbestheight = first_reorg_height + 1

-        print "Verify node 2 reorged back to the main chain, some blocks of which it had to redownload"
+        print("Verify node 2 reorged back to the main chain, some blocks of which it had to redownload")
        waitstart = time.time()
        while self.nodes[2].getblockcount() < goalbestheight:
            time.sleep(0.1)
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    def mine_full_block(self, node, address):
        # Want to create a full block
        # We'll generate a 66k transaction below, and 14 of them is close to the 1MB block limit
-        for j in xrange(14):
+        for j in range(14):
            if len(self.utxo) < 14:
                self.utxo = node.listunspent()
            inputs=[]
@@ -264,8 +264,8 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):


    def run_test(self):
-        print "Warning! This test requires 4GB of disk space and takes over 30 mins (up to 2 hours)"
-        print "Mining a big blockchain of 995 blocks"
+        print("Warning! This test requires 4GB of disk space and takes over 30 mins (up to 2 hours)")
+        print("Mining a big blockchain of 995 blocks")
        self.create_big_chain()
        # Chain diagram key:
        # *   blocks on main chain
@@ -276,12 +276,12 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        # Start by mining a simple chain that all nodes have
        # N0=N1=N2 **...*(995)

-        print "Check that we haven't started pruning yet because we're below PruneAfterHeight"
+        print("Check that we haven't started pruning yet because we're below PruneAfterHeight")
        self.test_height_min()
        # Extend this chain past the PruneAfterHeight
        # N0=N1=N2 **...*(1020)

-        print "Check that we'll exceed disk space target if we have a very high stale block rate"
+        print("Check that we'll exceed disk space target if we have a very high stale block rate")
        self.create_chain_with_staleblocks()
        # Disconnect N0
        # And mine a 24 block chain on N1 and a separate 25 block chain on N0
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.mainchainheight = self.nodes[2].getblockcount()   #1320
        self.mainchainhash2 = self.nodes[2].getblockhash(self.mainchainheight)

-        print "Check that we can survive a 288 block reorg still"
+        print("Check that we can survive a 288 block reorg still")
        (self.forkheight,self.forkhash) = self.reorg_test() #(1033, )
        # Now create a 288 block reorg by mining a longer chain on N1
        # First disconnect N1
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        #                                 \
        #                                  *...**(1320)

-        print "Test that we can rerequest a block we previously pruned if needed for a reorg"
+        print("Test that we can rerequest a block we previously pruned if needed for a reorg")
        self.reorg_back()
        # Verify that N2 still has block 1033 on current chain (@), but not on main chain (*)
        # Invalidate 1033 on current chain (@) on N2 and we should be able to reorg to
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ class PruneTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        #
        # N1 doesn't change because 1033 on main chain (*) is invalid

-        print "Done"
+        print("Done")

 if __name__ == '__main__':
    PruneTest().main()
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/rawtransactions.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/rawtransactions.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 3)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class RawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        errorString = ""
        try:
            rawtx   = self.nodes[2].sendrawtransaction(rawtx['hex'])
-        except JSONRPCException,e:
+        except JSONRPCException as e:
            errorString = e.error['message']

        assert_equal("Missing inputs" in errorString, True);
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/receivedby.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/receivedby.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/regtest_signrawtransaction.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/regtest_signrawtransaction.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/reindex.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/reindex.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Released under the GPLv3
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ from test_framework.util import assert_equal, initialize_chain_clean, \
 class ReindexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 1)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class ReindexTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
        wait_bitcoinds()
        self.nodes[0]=start_node(0, self.options.tmpdir, ["-debug", "-reindex", "-checkblockindex=1"])
        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getblockcount(), 3)
-        print "Success"
+        print("Success")

 if __name__ == '__main__':
    ReindexTest().main()
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/rest.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/rest.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ from test_framework.util import assert_equal, assert_greater_than, \
 import struct
 import binascii
 import json
-import StringIO
+import io
 from decimal import Decimal

 try:
    import http.client as httplib
 except ImportError:
-    import httplib
+    import http.client
 try:
    import urllib.parse as urlparse
 except ImportError:
-    import urlparse
+    import urllib.parse

 def deser_uint256(f):
    r = 0
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def deser_uint256(f):

 # allows simple http get calls
 def http_get_call(host, port, path, response_object = 0):
-    conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(host, port)
+    conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host, port)
    conn.request('GET', path)

    if response_object:
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def http_get_call(host, port, path, response_object = 0):

 # allows simple http post calls with a request body
 def http_post_call(host, port, path, requestdata = '', response_object = 0):
-    conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(host, port)
+    conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(host, port)
    conn.request('POST', path, requestdata)

    if response_object:
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class RESTTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
    FORMAT_SEPARATOR = "."

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 3)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ class RESTTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        self.sync_all()

    def run_test(self):
-        url = urlparse.urlparse(self.nodes[0].url)
-        print "Mining blocks..."
+        url = urllib.parse.urlparse(self.nodes[0].url)
+        print("Mining blocks...")

        self.nodes[0].generate(1)
        self.sync_all()
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ class RESTTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
        binaryRequest += struct.pack("i", 0);

        bin_response = http_post_call(url.hostname, url.port, '/rest/getutxos'+self.FORMAT_SEPARATOR+'bin', binaryRequest)
-        output = StringIO.StringIO()
+        output = io.StringIO()
        output.write(bin_response)
        output.seek(0)
        chainHeight = struct.unpack("i", output.read(4))[0]
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/rewind_index.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/rewind_index.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2018 The Zcash developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import time
 class RewindBlockIndexTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 3)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/rpcbind_test.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/rpcbind_test.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def run_test(tmpdir):
            break
    if non_loopback_ip is None:
        assert(not 'This test requires at least one non-loopback IPv4 interface')
-    print("Using interface %s for testing" % non_loopback_ip)
+    print(("Using interface %s for testing" % non_loopback_ip))

    defaultport = rpc_port(0)

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def main():

    success = False
    try:
-        print("Initializing test directory "+options.tmpdir)
+        print(("Initializing test directory "+options.tmpdir))
        if not os.path.isdir(options.tmpdir):
            os.makedirs(options.tmpdir)
        initialize_chain(options.tmpdir)
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ def main():
        success = True

    except AssertionError as e:
-        print("Assertion failed: "+e.message)
+        print(("Assertion failed: "+e.message))
    except Exception as e:
-        print("Unexpected exception caught during testing: "+str(e))
+        print(("Unexpected exception caught during testing: "+str(e)))
        traceback.print_tb(sys.exc_info()[2])

    if not options.nocleanup:
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/script_test.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/script_test.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 #
 # Distributed under the GPLv3/X11 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def ParseScriptFlags(flag_string):
        if x in flag_map:
            flags |= flag_map[x]
        else:
-            print "Error: unrecognized script flag: ", x
+            print(("Error: unrecognized script flag: ", x))
    return flags

 '''
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ def ParseScript(json_script):
                parsed_script += CScriptNum(int(x, 0))
        elif x.startswith("0x"):
            # Raw hex data, inserted NOT pushed onto stack:
-            for i in xrange(2, len(x), 2):
+            for i in range(2, len(x), 2):
                parsed_script = CScript(bytes(parsed_script) + bytes(chr(int(x[i:i+2],16))))
        elif x.startswith("'") and x.endswith("'") and len(x) >= 2:
            # Single-quoted string, pushed as data.
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def ParseScript(json_script):
            if tryopname in OPCODES_BY_NAME:
                parsed_script += CScriptOp(OPCODES_BY_NAME["OP_" + x])
            else:
-                print "ParseScript: error parsing '%s'" % x
+                print(("ParseScript: error parsing '%s'" % x))
                return ""
    return parsed_script
            
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class ScriptTest(ComparisonTestFramework):
        self.tip = block.sha256
        test.blocks_and_transactions = [[block, True]]

-        for i in xrange(100):
+        for i in range(100):
            block = create_block(self.tip, create_coinbase(), self.block_time)
            self.block_time += 1
            block.solve()
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ class ScriptTest(ComparisonTestFramework):
        Build out to 100 blocks total, maturing the coinbase.
        '''
        test = TestInstance(objects=[], sync_every_block=False, sync_every_tx=False)
-        for i in xrange(100):
+        for i in range(100):
            b = create_block(self.tip, create_coinbase(), self.block_time)
            b.solve()
            test.blocks_and_transactions.append([b, True])
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class ScriptTest(ComparisonTestFramework):
            else:
                self.block_time = 1333230000 + counter # Before the BIP16 switchover

-            print "Script test: [%s]" % script_test
+            print(("Script test: [%s]" % script_test))

            yield self.generate_test_instance(scriptpubkey, scriptsig)
            counter += 1
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/signrawtransaction_offline.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/signrawtransaction_offline.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from test_framework.authproxy import JSONRPCException
 class SignOfflineTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
    # Setup Methods
    def setup_chain(self):
-        print "Initializing test directory " + self.options.tmpdir
+        print(("Initializing test directory " + self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 2)

    def setup_network(self):
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class SignOfflineTest (BitcoinTestFramework):

    # Tests
    def run_test(self):
-        print "Mining blocks..."
+        print("Mining blocks...")
        self.nodes[0].generate(101)

        offline_node = start_node(1, self.options.tmpdir, ["-maxconnections=0", "-nuparams=5ba81b19:10"])
--- a/qa/rpc-tests/signrawtransactions.py
+++ b/qa/rpc-tests/signrawtransactions.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python2
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2016-2024 The Hush developers
 # Copyright (c) 2015 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the GPLv3 software license, see the accompanying
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class SignRawTransactionsTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    """Tests transaction signing via RPC command "signrawtransaction"."""

    def setup_chain(self):
-        print('Initializing test directory ' + self.options.tmpdir)
+        print(('Initializing test directory ' + self.options.tmpdir))
        initialize_chain_clean(self.options.tmpdir, 1)

    def setup_network(self, split=False):
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
dan_s	72b287e467	qa: Port RPC tests to Python 3, add comprehensive test runner Migrate all 92 Python files in qa/ from Python 2 to Python 3: - Update shebangs from python2 to python3 - Replace print statements with print() calls - Fix imports (http.client, urllib.parse, queue, io, functools) - Convert xrange→range, 0L→0, long→int, cmp→key functions - Fix except/as syntax, bytes/str handling, integer division - Use relative imports in test_framework/ package Add qa/run-tests.sh: multi-stage test runner (1183 lines) - Stage 1: Build/binary verification - Stage 2: Security hardening (PIE, NX, RELRO, canary, FORTIFY) - Stage 3-4: Boost/Google test binaries - Stage 5: Library tests (secp256k1, univalue) - Stage 6: RandomX validation (live chain mining + block checks) - Stage 7: RPC integration (skipped: regtest mining incompatible) - Stage 8: Source code invariant checks - Stage 8b: DragonX-specific source checks (11 tests) - Flags: --chain=dragonx, --live-dragonx, --save-release, --quick - Timestamped reports with release archiving to qa/release-reports/ Add qa/clean-test-reports.sh for housekeeping (--keep=N, --dry-run) Fix test build infrastructure: - src/Makefile.gtest.include: fix zcash_gtest→hush_gtest refs, remove 17 stale source files, add LIBZCASH/LIBHUSH/LIBRANDOMX - src/Makefile.test.include: remove stale sources, deduplicate LDADD/CXXFLAGS, add missing libraries - src/gtest/test_checkblock.cpp: add height param to ContextualCheckBlock - src/test/test_bitcoin.cpp: remove JoinSplitTestingSetup (dead code) Add qa/test-reports/ to .gitignore for transient output.	2026-02-27 22:38:43 -06:00
dan_s	20aeebb83f	Fix 7 stale references in docs and comments after codebase restructuring - doc/DEVELOPING.md: src/main.cpp → src/tx_validation.cpp / block_processing.cpp - doc/CHANGELOG-randomx-validation.md: src/main.cpp → src/block_processing.cpp (×2) - doc/release-process.md: checkpoint instructions now reference src/chainparams_checkpoints_hush3.h instead of src/chainparams.cpp - src/hush_defs.h: ./contrib/block_time.pl → ./contrib/scripts/block_time.pl (×3) - src/cc/dapps/dappstd.c: commented hush_cJSON.c → hush_cJSON.cpp	2026-02-27 14:19:08 -06:00
dan_s	a2647b106f	Move 15 loose scripts from contrib/ root to contrib/scripts/ Consolidate all standalone utility scripts into contrib/scripts/: - Perl: avg_blocktime.pl, block_time.pl, gen-zaddrs.pl, sda_checkpoints.pl, sdl_checkpoints.pl, hush_block_subsidy_per_halving, hush_halvings, hush_scanner, hush_supply, hush_supply_old - Shell: fresh_clone_compile_and_run.sh, tidy_datadir.sh, dragonx_scanner - Python: convert_address.py - BAT: hush-uri.bat Update path references in contrib/README.md, doc/OLD_WALLETS.md, doc/relnotes/README.md, and sdl_checkpoints.pl.	2026-02-27 12:00:46 -06:00
dan_s	ab6a3a05d7	Deduplicate cJSON: consolidate 4 copies into a single canonical pair - Compile cJSON.c as a standalone C translation unit (added stdbool.h) - Rename hush_cJSON.c → hush_cJSON.cpp and compile as standalone C++ unit with forward declarations for external deps (_stripwhite, clonestr, etc.) - Remove #include "cJSON.c" unity-build from hush_cJSON - Change hush.h from #include "hush_cJSON.c" to #include "hush_cJSON.h" - Add both files to libbitcoin_server_a_SOURCES in Makefile.am - Delete cc/dapps/cJSON.c (old 2009 fork, 1201 lines removed) - Replace cc/includes/cJSON.h with thin redirect to canonical headers - Update dapp includes to reference canonical cJSON.c	2026-02-27 09:39:48 -06:00
dan_s	f565b2920d	Split wallet.cpp: extract key management into wallet_keys.cpp Separate key management from transaction logic in wallet.cpp (5,059 lines): - wallet.cpp: 5,059 → 4,143 lines (transaction tracking, coin selection, balances) - wallet_keys.cpp: 975 lines (key generation, encryption, HD seed, keypool) Extracted functions include key generation (GenerateNewKey, GenerateNewSaplingZKey), cryptographic key storage (AddKeyPubKey, AddCryptedKey, AddCryptedSaplingSpendingKey), wallet encryption (Unlock, ChangeWalletPassphrase, EncryptWallet), HD seed management, keypool operations, CReserveKey methods, and shielded key visitor operators.	2026-02-27 01:51:24 -06:00
dan_s	0083cd26bb	Split main.cpp (8,217 lines) into four focused translation units - tx_validation.cpp (1,012 lines): transaction validation functions (IsStandardTx, CheckTransaction, ContextualCheckInputs, etc.) - mempool_accept.cpp (524 lines): mempool acceptance and orphan management (AcceptToMemoryPool, AddOrphanTx, GetMinRelayFee, etc.) - block_processing.cpp (4,064 lines): block processing, chain management, and disk I/O (ConnectBlock, DisconnectBlock, ActivateBestChain, CheckBlock, LoadBlockIndex, FlushStateToDisk, etc.) - main_internal.h (83 lines): shared internal state declarations formerly in anonymous namespace (CBlockIndexWorkComparator, setBlockIndexCandidates, vinfoBlockFile, setDirtyBlockIndex, etc.) main.cpp retains NET message handling (ProcessMessage, SendMessages), peer state management, and utility functions (2,821 lines).	2026-02-27 01:51:24 -06:00
dan_s	a918136a7c	Split chainparams.cpp and rpcwallet.cpp into smaller files chainparams.cpp: 5420 -> 593 lines - Extract HUSH3 checkpoint data to chainparams_checkpoints_hush3.h - Extract DRAGONX checkpoint data to chainparams_checkpoints_dragonx.h rpcwallet.cpp: 6392 -> 4099 lines - Extract z-index query RPCs to rpcwallet_zindex.cpp - Extract shielded async operation RPCs to rpcwallet_zops.cpp - Create rpcwallet_internal.h for shared declarations	2026-02-27 01:51:24 -06:00
dan_s	3d4e25e429	Split hush unity build: move ~14k lines of implementation from headers into hush_impl.cpp and hush_nSPV_impl.cpp - Add HUSH_PRIVATE_IMPLEMENTATION guard to hush.h separating implementation from declarations - Create hush_impl.cpp to compile all hush_.h implementation as a separate translation unit - Create hush_nSPV_impl.cpp to compile all hush_nSPV_.h headers separately - main.cpp now includes declarations only, no longer a unity build for hush code - Add both new compilation units to Makefile.am	2026-02-26 20:55:12 -06:00
dan_s	896fa9c107	Reorganize repo: move scripts to contrib/scripts/, clean up .gitignore, untrack backup files	2026-02-26 19:42:28 -06:00
dan_s	10a1b27de1	reorganizing release ouput to cleaner directory structure	2026-02-25 23:50:14 -06:00
dan_s	3cf6c37bf6	updated dragonx checkpoints	2026-02-25 14:41:10 -06:00
dan_s	b25bd2838c	fix native linux build script	2026-02-25 14:09:26 -06:00