zkbot 95277e0311 Auto merge of #1144 - bitcartel:zc.v0.11.2.z7_tx_malleability_gettxid, r=bitcartel
A fix for transaction malleability

This PR fixes transaction malleability by not including the sigscript of transaction inputs and joinsplit sigs when hashing the txid.

This PR supercedes PR #1101 which was a minimal solution based on a new serialization flag.

This PR introduces GetTxid() to distinguish between getting a transaction id and the double sha256 hash.

The key changes are:
- Adding GetTxid() method to CTransaction which makes a copy of the transaction, clearing out the sigscript and joinsplitsig fields, before hashing.
- Verifying that every call to GetHash() actually wants a txid, and replacing with GetTxid().
- Renaming GetHash() to GetSerializeHash()
  - Rationale: In future, upstream code we want to merge will use GetHash() but we don't know the intent.  We should check to see if the intent is to receive a txid (most likely) in which case we replace with GetTxid(), or if upstream actually wants a double hash of the transaction we can use GetSerializeHash().
- Updated genesis data in chainparams.cpp

Note that coinbase transactions are excluded as they need the sigscript hashed to help avoid duplicate txids per BIP34:
  - This modification is related to a question from @ebfull on PR #1101 - "Can we think of a way this change allows us to construct two transactions with the same txid which can simultaneously appear in the blockchain? My guess is it would be possible to construct a coinbase transaction of such a form... this surely breaks invariants."

This PR Passes all tests in test_bitcoin (test data was updated in bloom_tests, miner_tests and script_tests).
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Zcash

https://z.cash/

Where do I begin?

We have a guide for joining the public testnet: https://github.com/zcash/zcash/wiki/Public-Alpha-Guide

What is Zcash?

Zcash is an implementation of the "Zerocash" protocol. Based on Bitcoin's code, it intends to offer a far higher standard of privacy and anonymity through a sophisticiated zero-knowledge proving scheme which preserves confidentiality of transaction metadata.

Zcash is unfinished and highly experimental. Use at your own risk.

Participation in the Zcash project is subject to a Code of Conduct.

Security Warnings

See important security warnings in doc/security-warnings.md.

License

Zcash is released under the terms of the MIT license. See COPYING for more information or see http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.

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