Files
librustzcash/src/circuit/uint32.rs

500 lines
15 KiB
Rust

use pairing::{
Engine,
Field,
PrimeField
};
use bellman::{
SynthesisError,
ConstraintSystem,
LinearCombination
};
use super::boolean::{
Boolean,
AllocatedBit
};
/// Represents an interpretation of 32 `Boolean` objects as an
/// unsigned integer.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct UInt32<Var> {
// Least significant bit first
bits: Vec<Boolean<Var>>,
value: Option<u32>
}
impl<Var: Copy> UInt32<Var> {
/// Construct a constant `UInt32` from a `u32`
pub fn constant(value: u32) -> Self
{
let mut bits = Vec::with_capacity(32);
let mut tmp = value;
for _ in 0..32 {
if tmp & 1 == 1 {
bits.push(Boolean::constant(true))
} else {
bits.push(Boolean::constant(false))
}
tmp >>= 1;
}
UInt32 {
bits: bits,
value: Some(value)
}
}
/// Allocate a `UInt32` in the constraint system
pub fn alloc<E, CS>(
mut cs: CS,
value: Option<u32>
) -> Result<Self, SynthesisError>
where E: Engine,
CS: ConstraintSystem<E, Variable=Var>
{
let values = match value {
Some(mut val) => {
let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(32);
for _ in 0..32 {
v.push(Some(val & 1 == 1));
val >>= 1;
}
v
},
None => vec![None; 32]
};
let bits = values.into_iter()
.enumerate()
.map(|(i, v)| {
Ok(Boolean::from(AllocatedBit::alloc(cs.namespace(|| format!("allocated bit {}", i)), v)?))
})
.collect::<Result<Vec<_>, SynthesisError>>()?;
Ok(UInt32 {
bits: bits,
value: value
})
}
/// Turns this `UInt32` into its little-endian byte order representation.
pub fn into_bits(&self) -> Vec<Boolean<Var>> {
self.bits.chunks(8)
.flat_map(|v| v.iter().rev())
.cloned()
.collect()
}
/// Converts a little-endian byte order representation of bits into a
/// `UInt32`.
pub fn from_bits(bits: &[Boolean<Var>]) -> Self
{
assert_eq!(bits.len(), 32);
let new_bits = bits.chunks(8)
.flat_map(|v| v.iter().rev())
.cloned()
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
let mut value = Some(0u32);
for b in new_bits.iter().rev() {
value.as_mut().map(|v| *v <<= 1);
match b {
&Boolean::Constant(b) => {
if b {
value.as_mut().map(|v| *v |= 1);
}
},
&Boolean::Is(ref b) => {
match b.get_value() {
Some(true) => { value.as_mut().map(|v| *v |= 1); },
Some(false) => {},
None => { value = None }
}
},
&Boolean::Not(ref b) => {
match b.get_value() {
Some(false) => { value.as_mut().map(|v| *v |= 1); },
Some(true) => {},
None => { value = None }
}
}
}
}
UInt32 {
value: value,
bits: new_bits
}
}
pub fn rotr(&self, by: usize) -> Self {
let by = by % 32;
let new_bits = self.bits.iter()
.skip(by)
.chain(self.bits.iter())
.take(32)
.cloned()
.collect();
UInt32 {
bits: new_bits,
value: self.value.map(|v| v.rotate_right(by as u32))
}
}
/// XOR this `UInt32` with another `UInt32`
pub fn xor<E, CS>(
&self,
mut cs: CS,
other: &Self
) -> Result<Self, SynthesisError>
where E: Engine,
CS: ConstraintSystem<E, Variable=Var>
{
let new_value = match (self.value, other.value) {
(Some(a), Some(b)) => {
Some(a ^ b)
},
_ => None
};
let bits = self.bits.iter()
.zip(other.bits.iter())
.enumerate()
.map(|(i, (a, b))| {
Boolean::xor(cs.namespace(|| format!("xor of bit {}", i)), a, b)
})
.collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
Ok(UInt32 {
bits: bits,
value: new_value
})
}
// TODO: could optimize
/// Perform modular addition of several `UInt32` objects.
pub fn addmany<E, CS>(
mut cs: CS,
operands: &[Self]
) -> Result<Self, SynthesisError>
where E: Engine,
CS: ConstraintSystem<E, Variable=Var>
{
// Make some arbitrary bounds for ourselves to avoid overflows
// in the scalar field
assert!(E::Fr::NUM_BITS >= 64);
assert!(operands.len() >= 2); // Weird trivial cases that should never happen
assert!(operands.len() <= 10);
// Compute the maximum value of the sum so we allocate enough bits for
// the result
let mut max_value = (operands.len() as u64) * (u32::max_value() as u64);
// Keep track of the resulting value
let mut result_value = Some(0u64);
// This is a linear combination that we will enforce to be "zero"
let mut lc = LinearCombination::zero();
let mut all_constants = true;
// Iterate over the operands
for op in operands {
// Accumulate the value
match op.value {
Some(val) => {
result_value.as_mut().map(|v| *v += val as u64);
},
None => {
// If any of our operands have unknown value, we won't
// know the value of the result
result_value = None;
}
}
// Iterate over each bit of the operand and add the operand to
// the linear combination
let mut coeff = E::Fr::one();
for bit in &op.bits {
match bit {
&Boolean::Is(ref bit) => {
all_constants = false;
// Add coeff * bit
lc = lc + (coeff, bit.get_variable());
},
&Boolean::Not(ref bit) => {
all_constants = false;
// Add coeff * (1 - bit) = coeff * ONE - coeff * bit
lc = lc + (coeff, cs.one()) - (coeff, bit.get_variable());
},
&Boolean::Constant(bit) => {
if bit {
lc = lc + (coeff, cs.one());
}
}
}
coeff.double();
}
}
// The value of the actual result is modulo 2^32
let modular_value = result_value.map(|v| v as u32);
if all_constants && modular_value.is_some() {
// We can just return a constant, rather than
// unpacking the result into allocated bits.
return Ok(UInt32::constant(modular_value.unwrap()));
}
// Storage area for the resulting bits
let mut result_bits = vec![];
// Allocate each bit of the result
let mut coeff = E::Fr::one();
let mut i = 0;
while max_value != 0 {
// Allocate the bit
let b = AllocatedBit::alloc(cs.namespace(|| format!("result bit {}", i)), result_value.map(|v| (v >> i) & 1 == 1))?;
// Subtract this bit from the linear combination to ensure the sums balance out
lc = lc - (coeff, b.get_variable());
result_bits.push(b.into());
max_value >>= 1;
i += 1;
coeff.double();
}
// Enforce that the linear combination equals zero
cs.enforce(
|| "modular addition",
LinearCombination::zero(),
LinearCombination::zero(),
lc
);
// Discard carry bits that we don't care about
result_bits.truncate(32);
Ok(UInt32 {
bits: result_bits,
value: modular_value
})
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use rand::{XorShiftRng, SeedableRng, Rng};
use ::circuit::boolean::{Boolean};
use super::{UInt32};
use pairing::bls12_381::{Bls12};
use pairing::{Field};
use ::circuit::test::*;
use bellman::{ConstraintSystem};
#[test]
fn test_uint32_from_bits() {
let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed([0x5dbe6259, 0x8d313d76, 0x3237db17, 0xe5bc0653]);
for _ in 0..1000 {
let mut v = (0..32).map(|_| Boolean::<()>::constant(rng.gen())).collect::<Vec<_>>();
let b = UInt32::from_bits(&v);
for (i, bit) in b.bits.iter().enumerate() {
match bit {
&Boolean::Constant(bit) => {
assert!(bit == ((b.value.unwrap() >> i) & 1 == 1));
},
_ => unreachable!()
}
}
let expected_to_be_same = b.into_bits();
for x in v.iter().zip(expected_to_be_same.iter())
{
match x {
(&Boolean::Constant(true), &Boolean::Constant(true)) => {},
(&Boolean::Constant(false), &Boolean::Constant(false)) => {},
_ => unreachable!()
}
}
}
}
#[test]
fn test_uint32_xor() {
let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed([0x5dbe6259, 0x8d313d76, 0x3237db17, 0xe5bc0653]);
for _ in 0..1000 {
let mut cs = TestConstraintSystem::<Bls12>::new();
let a: u32 = rng.gen();
let b: u32 = rng.gen();
let c: u32 = rng.gen();
let mut expected = a ^ b ^ c;
let a_bit = UInt32::alloc(cs.namespace(|| "a_bit"), Some(a)).unwrap();
let b_bit = UInt32::constant(b);
let c_bit = UInt32::alloc(cs.namespace(|| "c_bit"), Some(c)).unwrap();
let r = a_bit.xor(cs.namespace(|| "first xor"), &b_bit).unwrap();
let r = r.xor(cs.namespace(|| "second xor"), &c_bit).unwrap();
assert!(cs.is_satisfied());
assert!(r.value == Some(expected));
for b in r.bits.iter() {
match b {
&Boolean::Is(ref b) => {
assert!(b.get_value().unwrap() == (expected & 1 == 1));
},
&Boolean::Not(ref b) => {
assert!(!b.get_value().unwrap() == (expected & 1 == 1));
},
&Boolean::Constant(b) => {
assert!(b == (expected & 1 == 1));
}
}
expected >>= 1;
}
}
}
#[test]
fn test_uint32_addmany_constants() {
let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed([0x5dbe6259, 0x8d313d76, 0x3237db17, 0xe5bc0654]);
for _ in 0..1000 {
let mut cs = TestConstraintSystem::<Bls12>::new();
let a: u32 = rng.gen();
let b: u32 = rng.gen();
let c: u32 = rng.gen();
let a_bit = UInt32::constant(a);
let b_bit = UInt32::constant(b);
let c_bit = UInt32::constant(c);
let mut expected = a.wrapping_add(b).wrapping_add(c);
let r = UInt32::addmany(cs.namespace(|| "addition"), &[a_bit, b_bit, c_bit]).unwrap();
assert!(r.value == Some(expected));
for b in r.bits.iter() {
match b {
&Boolean::Is(_) => panic!(),
&Boolean::Not(_) => panic!(),
&Boolean::Constant(b) => {
assert!(b == (expected & 1 == 1));
}
}
expected >>= 1;
}
}
}
#[test]
fn test_uint32_addmany() {
let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed([0x5dbe6259, 0x8d313d76, 0x3237db17, 0xe5bc0654]);
for _ in 0..1000 {
let mut cs = TestConstraintSystem::<Bls12>::new();
let a: u32 = rng.gen();
let b: u32 = rng.gen();
let c: u32 = rng.gen();
let d: u32 = rng.gen();
let mut expected = (a ^ b).wrapping_add(c).wrapping_add(d);
let a_bit = UInt32::alloc(cs.namespace(|| "a_bit"), Some(a)).unwrap();
let b_bit = UInt32::constant(b);
let c_bit = UInt32::constant(c);
let d_bit = UInt32::alloc(cs.namespace(|| "d_bit"), Some(d)).unwrap();
let r = a_bit.xor(cs.namespace(|| "xor"), &b_bit).unwrap();
let r = UInt32::addmany(cs.namespace(|| "addition"), &[r, c_bit, d_bit]).unwrap();
assert!(cs.is_satisfied());
assert!(r.value == Some(expected));
for b in r.bits.iter() {
match b {
&Boolean::Is(ref b) => {
assert!(b.get_value().unwrap() == (expected & 1 == 1));
},
&Boolean::Not(ref b) => {
assert!(!b.get_value().unwrap() == (expected & 1 == 1));
},
&Boolean::Constant(_) => {
unreachable!()
}
}
expected >>= 1;
}
// Flip a bit and see if the addition constraint still works
if cs.get("addition/result bit 0/boolean").is_zero() {
cs.set("addition/result bit 0/boolean", Field::one());
} else {
cs.set("addition/result bit 0/boolean", Field::zero());
}
assert!(!cs.is_satisfied());
}
}
#[test]
fn test_uint32_rotr() {
let mut rng = XorShiftRng::from_seed([0x5dbe6259, 0x8d313d76, 0x3237db17, 0xe5bc0654]);
let mut num = rng.gen();
let a = UInt32::<()>::constant(num);
for i in 0..32 {
let b = a.rotr(i);
assert!(b.value.unwrap() == num);
let mut tmp = num;
for b in &b.bits {
match b {
&Boolean::Constant(b) => {
assert_eq!(b, tmp & 1 == 1);
},
_ => unreachable!()
}
tmp >>= 1;
}
num = num.rotate_right(1);
}
}
}